Abstract

본 논문에서는 X선 광전자 분광법(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS)을 이용하여 ZIRLO (ZIRconium Low Oxidation) 피복관의 표면 산화 거동을 연구하였다. 산화 시간 (10-336 시간, <TEX>$500^{\circ}C$</TEX>) 및 산화 온도 (<TEX>$400-700^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 10 시간)에 따른 산화 특성변화를 관찰하였다. XPS peak 분석 결과, <TEX>$500^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 산화된 피복관의 산화 시간이 24 시간이 될 때 <TEX>$ZrO_2$</TEX> peak가 11.86% 관찰되었으며, 이후 산화 시간이 길어질수록 <TEX>$ZrO_2$</TEX>의 비율이 17.93%까지 (336 시간) 증가하는 것이 확인되었다. 반면, 10 시간 산화된 피복관에서 5.68% 존재하던 ZrO 상은 산화 시간이 24 시간으로 늘어남에 따라 사라지는 것이 관찰되었다. 산화 온도 증가에 의한 영향 분석 결과에서는 산화 온도가 <TEX>$400^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 500, 600, <TEX>$700^{\circ}C$</TEX>로 증가할 때 ZrO 상의 비율이 0% 부터 5.68, 8.31, 9.16%로 증가하는 것이 확인되었다. 이 때, <TEX>$ZrO_2$</TEX> 상은 <TEX>$700^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 산화된 시료에서만 관찰되었다. ZrO 상의 형성 메커니즘은 불명확하지만, 고온에서 공기 중의 수분과 Zr의 반응으로 인해 <TEX>$Zr(OH)_4$</TEX> 상의 형성이 가속되는 것으로 예상된다. 본 논문에는 <TEX>$500^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 산화된 ZIRLO 피복관과 이들의 염소화 반응 특성에 대한 논의도 포함되었으며, 염소화 반응 진행 가능성에 있어서 산화막의 두께가 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 보여진다. Surface oxidation behavior of ZIRLO (ZIRconium Low Oxidation) hulls was investigated using an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique. The effects of oxidation time (10-336 h at <TEX>$500^{\circ}C$</TEX>) and temperature (<TEX>$400-700^{\circ}C$</TEX> for 10 h) were studied. Deconvolution results of the hulls oxidized at <TEX>$500^{\circ}C$</TEX> revealed that a <TEX>$ZrO_2$</TEX> phase appeared after 24 h (11.86%), and an increase in the <TEX>$ZrO_2$</TEX> ratio was observed when the hulls were oxidized for 336 h (17.93%). On the other hand, the ZrO phase which employed 5.68% in the 10 h oxidized sample disappeared when the oxidation time increased to 24 h. The XPS results also showed that an increase in the oxidation temperature resulted in an increase in the ratio of ZrO, which increased from 0 to 5.68, 8.31, and 9.16% when the oxidation temperature increased from 400 to 500, 600, and <TEX>$700^{\circ}C$</TEX>, respectively. <TEX>$ZrO_2$</TEX> phase was observed only in the sample that was oxidized at <TEX>$700^{\circ}C$</TEX>. The mechanism of ZrO formation was not conclusive, but it was suggested that a formation of hydroxide might have been accelerated at elevated temperatures leading to a formation of a <TEX>$Zr(OH)_4$</TEX> phase. The relationship between the surface oxidation status of the hulls oxidized at <TEX>$500^{\circ}C$</TEX> and their chlorination reaction feasibility was discussed, and it was suggested that the thickness of the oxide layer is an important parameter that determines the chlorination reaction feasibility.

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