Мистецтво різьблення як один із проявів національного та культурного відродження лемків-русинів (кінець XIX – перша третина XX ст.)

Abstract

The article aims at showing the national and cultural revival of the Rusins in Lemkivshchyna in the late 19th – first third of the 20th century. The revivial was brought about by new historical and social realities, including the increased number of emigrants and industrial workers who ordered carvings and memorial structures, a growing role of patrons and resumed activities of such resorts cities as Ivonic, Rimanov, Krinitsa and others. The traditional art of wood and stone carving reached its developmental apogee in these regions. Dynasties of artisans practicing the revived traditional Rusin crafts were formed. The art of carving developed in line with the national traditions of the Eastern rite church. The Lemko artisans demonstrated their Rusin national identity in woodcarving and memorial structures through Cyrillic inscriptions, crosses with oriental ritual iconography, etc., surrounded by other ethnic sacred cultures.