ІСТОРИЧНА ГЕРБАРНА КОЛЕКЦІЯ ТРОПІЧНИХ І СУБТРОПІЧНИХ РОСЛИН ЗАКРИТОГО ҐРУНТУ У ФОНДАХ ГЕРБАРІЮ УМАНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ САДІВНИЦТВА (UM)

Abstract

The article highlights the results of the analysis of the collection of tropical and subtropical indoor plants. The taxonomic affiliation according to the modern international databases Plants of the World Online (POWO) and The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is presented. The unique historical collection of plants is a documentary material on the study of their introduction in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries at the Uman School of Horticulture and Agriculture (now Uman National University of Horticulture). For the purpose of registration in 2016 in Index Herbariorum (New York) with the acronym UM, an inventory of the herbarium collections of the University Herbarium (2013–2016) was made. The herbarium collection of garden and flower garden tropical and subtropical plants features 527 herbarium sheets (h.s.). They include exotic plants that were grown in indoor and outdoor conditions, on the basis of the school in the Sofiyivka arboretum and greenhouse complex, Nikitsky Botanical Garden (Crimea) and (Ex horto Petropolitano). The plants served as a living visual natural material for studying with their subsequent herbarization. The collectors were the students of the school who were studying botany, ornamental gardening and floriculture. The identification of the available taxa in the collection was based on handwritten labels and serial scientific publications "Price List of Plants and Seeds of the Sofiyivka Park 1887–1897". Among the identified herbarium specimens (g.s.), the world flora with their area of origin was noted: North, South, Central America, the Mediterranean, Africa, Australia, Indochina, Asia, Brazil, Mexico, including Madagascar, the Cape of Good Hope, and the New Hebrides. The personal collection of the school's student Josef Pachosky (Ex calolaris Umaniense) contains 86 g.a. of indoor introductions dated 1885-1886. The study collection also includes herbarium labels signed by other collectors, including Ovchynnikov (1860), Mieczysław Blonski, Luchynski, and Zapartowicz (1895–1896) and unknown (1912–1916) in the amount of 249 g.a. The analysis of the collection of tropical and subtropical plants is represented by the leading families in terms of species composition of the higher spore plants (Pteridophyta): Aspleniaceae Newman, Dennstaedtiaceae Pic.Serm., Osmundaceae Martinov, Polypodiaceae J.Presl & C.Presl, Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn; and the tribes Monocots and Eudicots of the division of flowering plants (Angiosperms): Acanthaceae Juss., Aizoaceae Martinov, Apocynaceae Juss., Araceae Juss., Araliaceae Juss., Arecaceae Bercht. & J.Presl, Aristolochiaceae Juss., Asparagaceae Juss, Asteraceae Bercht. & J.Presl, Balsaminaceae A.Rich, Begoniaceae C.Agardh, Berberidaceae Juss., Bignoniaceae Juss., Buxaceae Dumort., Cactaceae Juss., Calceolariaceae (D.Don) Olmstead, Caprifoliaceae Juss., Cyclanthaceae Poit. ex A.Rich., Ericaceae Juss., Euphorbiaceae Juss, Fabaceae Lindl., Fagaceae Dumort., Gesneriaceae Rich. & Juss., Lamiaceae Martinov, Linderniaceae Borsch, Kai Müll. & Eb.Fisch., Malvaceae Juss., Marantaceae R.Br., Moraceae Gaudich., Myrtaceae Juss, Nepenthaceae Dumort, Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link, Onagraceae Juss., Orchidaceae Juss., Plantaginaceae Juss., Poaceae Barnhart, Rhamnaceae Juss., Rosaceae Juss., Rubiaceae Juss., Rutaceae Juss., Smilacaceae Vent., Solanaceae Juss., Thymelaeaceae Juss., Urticaceae Juss, Verbenaceae J.St.-Hil. Introductions represent a group of flowering and decorative foliage plants, by life form - herbaceous, woody, shrubby, semi-shrubby and vines. The historical collection of the herbarium (UM) became the basis for the serial publications of monographs of personalized collections – V. Havryliuk (in 2017) and J. Pachosky (2023). The publications will be useful for students studying professional disciplines such as botany, ornamental gardening, plant introduction, floriculture, interior phytodesign, and writing qualification papers. Today, the collection is a valuable historical asset of the university and deserves attention and publicity by the scientific community of Ukraine and abroad. Throughout the existence of the educational institution, the herbarium's funds have been carefully preserved and replenished with new plant specimens during the educational process, expeditionary trips, and gifts from other educational and scientific institutions.