野慈姑(Sagittaria trifolia)人工授粉的有效性:授粉工具与花粉保存

Abstract

人工授粉作为一项关键性技术在生态研究与农业生产领域广泛应用，但是授粉过程中的工具有效性以及花粉保存尚未受到研究者的关注。以植物野慈姑为试验材料，研究了人工授粉方式和花粉保存条件对繁殖的影响。两年的结果表明，相较于直接接触式授粉，借助毛刷工具授粉显著降低了野慈姑的座果概率和种子数。花粉经过半小时野外高温保存后，其授粉的座果概率显著高于对照组，但单果种子数和种子大小保持稳定。综上，在野慈姑的人工授粉中应避免使用毛刷等工具，离体花粉可置于野外环境适当保存。在相关应用中，研究人员应当警惕工具授粉造成的负面影响，注意比较工具与其他授粉方式的等效性，保证实验的科学性。;Artificial pollination is a key technology with a wide range of applications in the fields of ecological research and agricultural practice. However, the effectiveness of pollination tools and pollen preservation has not received much attention. In this study, we investigated the effects of different artificial pollination methods and pollen storage conditions on the reproductive performance of Sagittaria trifolia. Results of two years showed that compared with direct contact pollination, pollination with brush tools significantly reduced fruiting probability and seed number in S. trifolia. The conditions of pollen handling also had significant effect on fruiting probability, in which half-hour field temperature storage had an advantage over control, whereas seed number per fruit and seed size remained stable. In summary, to aid artificial pollination in S. trifolia, pollination tools such as brushes should be avoided due to their negative effects on seed reproduction, and pollen in vitro can be preserved under field condition for an appropriate time. In related applications, researchers should be cautious of pollination tools and pay attention to the equivalence of different pollination methods prior to comparative experiments, in order to ensure scientific validity.