Abstract

제주도 고산측정소에서 <TEX>$PM_{10}$</TEX>, <TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> 미세먼지를 채취하여 주요 성분을 분석한 결과로부터 입경분포 및 오염 특성을 조사하였다. <TEX>$NH{_4}{^+}$</TEX>, nss-<TEX>$SO{_4}^{2-}$</TEX>, <TEX>$K^+$</TEX>, <TEX>$CH_3COO^-$</TEX>은 대체적으로 미세입자 분포하고, <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX>은 조대와 미세입자에 고루 분포하였으나 <TEX>$Na^+$</TEX>, <TEX>$Cl^-$</TEX>, <TEX>$Mg^{2+}$</TEX>, nss-<TEX>$Ca^{2+}$</TEX>은 대부분 조대입자에 분포되는 경향을 보였다. 황사 시에 조대입자와 미세입자에서 nss-<TEX>$Ca^{2+}$</TEX>이 36.7배, 15.0배 증가하고, <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX>은 조대입자에서 3.2배, 미세입자에서 3.1 배 높았다. 또 Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, Ti, Mn, Sr, Ba의 농도도 크게 증가하였다. 연무 시에는 nss-<TEX>$SO{_4}^{2-}$</TEX>, <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX>, <TEX>$NH{_4}{^+}$</TEX> 농도가 조대입자에서 1.3~2.6배, 미세입자에서 1.5~4.2배 상승하였고, 특히 미세입자에서 <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX> 농도가 크게 상승하였다. 고산지역 미세입자의 오염원 특성을 조사한 결과, 조대입자는 해염 영향이 가장 크고, 다음으로 토양, 인위적 오염원 순으로 영향을 많이 받았으나 미세입자는 인위적인 오염원 영향이 더 크고, 다음으로 해양과 토양 유입의 영향을 많이 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. The <TEX>$PM_{10}$</TEX> and <TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> samples were collected at Gosan Site of Jeju Island, and analyzed, in order to investigate the size distribution and pollution characteristics of their components. <TEX>$NH{_4}{^+}$</TEX>, nss-<TEX>$SO{_4}^{2-}$</TEX>, <TEX>$K^+$</TEX>, and <TEX>$CH_3COO^-$</TEX> were mostly existed in fine particles. Meanwhile, <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX> was distributed in both fine and coarse particles, and <TEX>$Na^+$</TEX>, <TEX>$Cl^-$</TEX>, <TEX>$Mg^{2+}$</TEX>, nss-<TEX>$Ca^{2+}$</TEX> were rich in coarse particle mode. The concentrations of nss-<TEX>$Ca^{2+}$</TEX> and <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX> were increased 36.7 and 3.2 times in coarse particles, and 15.0 and 3.1 times in fine particles during the Asian Dust periods. Especially, the concentrations of crustal elemental species such as Al, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, Ti, Mn, Sr, Ba were highly increased for those periods. In the haze events, the concentrations of secondary air pollutants were increased 1.3~2.6 and 1.5~4.2 times in coarse and fine particles, respectively. Moreover, the remarkable increase of <TEX>$NO{_3}{^-}$</TEX> concentration was also observed in fine particle mode. The factor analysis showed that the composition of coarse particles was influenced mainly by marine sources, followed by soil and anthropogenic sources. On the other hand, the fine particles were influenced by anthropogenic sources, followed by marine and soil sources.

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