Влияние применения поливов и норм удобрений на массу, химический состав и содержание питательных веществ в корневой массе и стерне гороха (Pisum sativum L.) в смеси с сорго (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Abstract

In article effect of entering of norms of organic and mineral fertilizers on weight, a chemical compound and the maintenance of nutrients in stubble the root rests of peas in a mix with sorghum are studied and analyzed. Greater accumulation of root weight in soil depends on a condition of water-physical properties of a ground in arable and subarable layers. In well processed fertile soil the plant root leaves in very deep layers and accumulates more than root weight. The difference in number of the nutrients arriving in soil in root weight and stubble by the rests, is caused by quantity of the vegetative rests and quantity of nutrients in their structure. Besides the nutrients arriving in soil through root weight and stubble the rests, there are favorable conditions for more effective food of plants, including a considerable quantity of carbonic gas. As a result of action of mineral and organic mineral fertilizers increases not only productivity of an elevated part of a plant, but also weight root and stubble the rests which after ploughing are exposed to process humification. During research it was revealed that in a control variant without fertilizers at joint crops sorghum and peas gathered 600 kg/ha stubble the rests, and at the combined entering of organic and mineral fertilizers stubble the rests varied within 660–1000 kg/ha. For the vegetative period the irrigation was spent 3 times, in a non-fertilizing control variant is collected 2450 kg/ha of root weight in summary entering of organic and mineral fertilizers it is collected 2630–3140 kg/ha of root weight that shows a considerable gain. Optimum entering of mineral and organic fertilizers improves a water, air and nutritious mode of soil, raises its fertility, rendering quantitative and qualitatively effective influence on root stubble the rests of the mixed cultures. It proves that the mixed crops of peas with sorghum, are the good predecessor for plants following it.