Abstract
Mineral substances contained in vegetables perform important functions in the human body, providing protein, carbohydrate, fat, water and mineral metabolism, are components of vitamins, enzymes and proteins, regulate the physiological processes of the plant organism. The purpose of the study was to analyse the elemental composition of tomato fruits according to the culture cultivation technology using organo-mineral fertilizer. Materials for the study were the Italian hybrid of the first generation of Talent edible tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and organo-mineral fertilizer “SMART” Marcinyshyn composite®. The research was carried out in the soil and climatic conditions of the Western Forest Steppe of Ukraine during 2019–2021 using spectrophotometric, titrometric and atomic absorption methods. The analysis of agrochemical indicators of meadowchernozem medium loam on loess-like loam soil of experimental plots indicates its suitability for growing edible tomatoes. As a result of research, macro- (Nitrogen, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Phosphorus) and microelements (Ferum, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Boron) were found in the fruits of edible tomatoes. Organo-mineral fertilizer application in cultivation technology of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. F1 Talent contributed to the accumulation of Nitrogen, Calcium, Potassium, Phosphorus, Zinc and Manganese in the fruits. Their number increased, respectively, by 68,5%, 12,6%, 28,3%, 85,2%, 25,8% and 56,2% compared to the control, and the accumulation of Ferum decreased by 10,3%. According to the content of Copper and Boron, the fruits of the control and experimental variants did not differ significantly from each other. The number of microelements did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations, was within the normal range, and those microelements did not exhibit the properties of heavy metals. According to the value of the biological accumulation coefficient, the edible tomato belongs to the concentrator of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Copper, and the deconcentrator of Ferum, Zinc and Manganese. Due to the effect of organo-mineral fertilizer, the ripening of fruits increases in the post-harvest period.
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