Діагностика регіонального походження крові при сексуальному насильстві в умовах пандемії COVID-2019

Abstract

The article indicates that Ukraine has significantly approached European standards in terms of preventing domestic violence and observing women's rights, legal assistance is provided at the legislative level. However, due to the increase in cases of domestic violence, especially sexual violence in emergency situations, including in quarantine conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the issues of preventing and combating domestic violence require special attention and further solutions. The timely conduct of forensic medical examinations in order to identify the presence of injuries with the subsequent fixation of the facts of domestic violence, especially sexual violence, provides significant assistance to justice in the investigation of crimes. In cases of sexual violence against women, in addition to fixing external injuries, it is also necessary to pay attention to the study of objects of biological origin, identification by species, sex, regional, organ or cellular identity. Material and methods. The study material was dried on gauze menstrual blood, taken from practically healthy women and women who have inflammatory diseases of the external genital organs, aged 18 to 45 with a normal menstrual cycle. In forensic practice, this method is new. Results and discussion. The obtained results allowed recommending this method for the forensic medical determination of the regional origin of blood. As a result of our research, we found the dependence of PGF2α content, firstly, on the age of women, and secondly, on the regional origin of the fluid. It should be noted that the content of PGF2α in vaginal fluid, menstrual blood and capillary blood in women of reproductive age, has an age feature, its content is higher by 6-12% for women aged 30-45 years. Thus, in women 30-45 years the content of PGF2α was always, in all fluids, higher than in women 18-29 years (p <0.001): in vaginal fluid it increased by 11%; in menstrual blood it was by 6% higher; in capillary blood it increased by 3%. PGF2α was the highest in menstrual blood compared to vaginal fluid and capillary blood. Moreover, this trend was true for women of both ages: in women aged 30-45, the content of PGF2α was 2.6 times higher in menstrual blood than in capillary, and 1.4 times more than in vaginal fluid; in women aged 18-29, the content of PGF2α was 2.7 times higher in menstrual blood than in capillary, and 1.5 times higher than in vaginal fluid. Thus, we obtained statistically significant indicators that indicated the possibility of establishing the menstrual origin of the blood by the quantitative content of PG F2α. Conclusion. In our opinion, the content of PGF2α above 13.1 ng / mg of dry tissue was a reliable sign of menstrual blood, which was of great diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis of regional origin of objects of biological origin (blood) in cases of sexual violence / sexual crimes