パーオキシダーゼ•アイソザイムによるサザンカ品種とツバキ属の種との類縁関係について

Abstract

Peroxidase isozyme activities of the genus Camellia were examined to study the interrelationship between cultivars of Camellia sasanqua and species of the genus Camellia, and to identify the process of differentiation of cultivars in C. sasanqua. For the analysis, 13 species, 1 subspecies, 2 varieties, 4 intersecific hybrids, and 97 cultivars of C. sasanqua and C. japonica were used.Peroxidase zymogram patterns of Camellia species showed clear differences between sections in many cases, although there were a few exceptions which showed no significant differences. Especially, there were marked differences in the zymogram patterns between section Paracamellia including C. sasanqua and section Camellia including C. japonica. Peroxidase zymograms of interspecific hybrids generally showed the bands common to their parents.Peroxidase zymogram patterns of cultivars of C. sasanqua showed certain tendencies depending on four groups. Cultivars of“Sasanqua group”showed zymogram patterns similar to wild C. sasanqua. Cultivars of“Vernalis group”shared common bands with C. sasanqua and C. japonica. In“Hiemalis group”, some cultivars showed the same zymogram patterns as in“Sasanqua group”and others showed one of the patterns of“Vernalis group”. These results would indicate that the variation of cultivars in C. sasanqua has developed from interspecific hybrids between C. sasanqua and C. japonica.′Tagoto-no-tsuki′, a cultivar of“Obscura group”, showed the same zymogram pattern as C. oleifera, but no significant differences could be observed from other species of section Paracamellia.