「対人関係の形成」に対する体育独自の意義 : A. シュッツの「我々関係」における「時間的直接性」及び「空間的直接性」に着目して

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to clarify the original meaning of physical education in terms of the formation of interpersonal relationships. For this purpose, A. Schutz's concepts of “temporal immediacy” and “spatial immediacy” were examined in order to clarify the role of the human body in the formation of interpersonal relationships and the study.Procedure was as follows ; i. The theories of interpersonal relationships in social psychology and moral education were surveyed. Additionally, the placement of interpersonal relationships in physical education pedagogy was investigated. These surveys demonstrated the need to consider this issue in PE. ii. Schutz's concepts of “temporal immediacy” and “spatial immediacy” in the “We-relationship” were examined because the “We-relationship” is not treated as “intimacy” but as “form.” At this point, Schutz's view differs from the psychological one. He also suggests the importance of the human body in the “We-relationship.” Based on this examination, the term “working” is referred to, because “working” in interpersonal relationships is a bodily action. It is also considered indispensable to all kinds of communication. iii. Based on an examination of “working,” the role of the human body in such “immediacy” is examined. iv. The important role of the human body in interpersonal relationships is considered.The conclusions of the study were as follows ; i. “Temporal immediacy” and “spatial immediacy” represent the temporality and spatiality of “working.” These are bound with the individual ability of the human body. In addition, these factors were correlated with other's ability of the human body. ii. In physical education, it is necessary to focus on temporality and spatiality in the formation of interpersonal relationship. In other words, the original meaning of physical education for the formation of interpersonal relationships is to nurture this ability of the human body to constitute “immediacy.”