Abstract
The results of observations and studies of au-tochthonous Don varieties in 2021 at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Rostov region). Varieties were studied in grafted, covering cul-ture. The object of research were 22 varieties of grapevine of different directions of use and time of maturation. The most of the studied varieties had a percentage of blossoming buds from 60 to 80%, with the exception of 8 varie-ties having from 81.1 to 90% of blossoming buds, to the lower side – one variety – Sivolistny (32.9% of blossoming buds). The percentage of fruitful shoots varied in a wide range, from 28 to 82%, while the majority of varieties (73% of the studied) had this indicator – below 50%. The largest average bunch weight was in the technical variety Bezymyanny Donskoy (567 g), the table variety – Shi-lokhvosty (531 g), the universal variety – Krestovsky (406 g). The yield of varieties was different, and varied in a wide range, from 1.1 kg/bush (Sivolistny) to 8.7 kg/bush (Bes-sergenevsky 10). The yields of more than 100 c/ha had varieties – Bessergenevsky 10, Bezymyanny Donskoy, Shilokhvosty, Sibirkovy, Durman, Shampanchik 2, Pukhlya-kovsky. According to the harvest conditions, there were 9 varieties with high and medium sugar content of berry juice in each group, 1 variety was with low sugar content, and 2 with very low sugar content. Very high sugar con-tent of berry juice was in one variety – Svetlo-listniy (23.4 g/100 cm3). According to titratable acidity: high acidity was noted in 6 varieties, the most of varieties (12) had medium acidity (from 7 to 9 g/dm3), 3 varieties had low acidity (4–6 g/dm3). According to the results of the research, it can be preliminarily identified as promising in terms of yield and quality of grapes for winemaking among technical and universal varieties – Bezymyanny Donskoy, Bessergenevsky 10, Sibirkovy, Durman, Sham-panchik 2, Pukhlyakovsky.
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