ВЛИЯНИЕ 14-СУТОЧНОГО АНТИОРТОСТАТИЧЕСКОГО ВЫВЕШИВАНИЯ И РЕАДАПТАЦИИ НА ГЕМОПОЭТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДШЕСТВЕННИКИ ИЗ ДИСТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРОКСИМАЛЬНЫХ ОТДЕЛОВ ЗАДНИХ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ КРЫС ЛИНИИ WISTAR

Changes in the frequencies of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with age and site

Posttransplant hematopoiesis in patients undergoing sibling allogeneic stem cell transplantation reflects that of their respective donors although with a lower functional capability

Culture Conditions for Generating Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Influence Cell Immunophenotype and In Vivo Biodistribution in Immune Deficient Mice.

CXCL12/CXCR4 Signaling Enhances Human PSC-Derived Hematopoietic ProgenitorFunction and Overcomes Early InVivo Transplantation Failure.

Bone marrow is the principal site of hematopoiesis in mammals. Amphibians were the first phylogenetic group in vertebrates to acquire bone marrow, but the distribution of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow of the primitive frog, Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to perform a histological investigation of the distribution of hematopoietic cells in femoral bone marrow at various stages of development in X. laevis. Hematopoietic cells showed preferential distribution on the endosteal surface of cortical bone throughout all stages of development, from tadpole to aged frog. In mature frogs, hematopoietic cells appeared at the boundary between the epiphysis and the bone marrow. The distribution of hematopoietic cells around the blood vessels was limited to a small number of vessels in the bone marrow. Abundant adipose tissue was observed in the bone marrow cavity from the tadpole stage to the mature frog stage. Hematopoietic cells showed preferential distribution in a belt-like fashion on the surface of newly-formed bones in a bone regeneration model in the diaphysis of X. laevis. These results indicate that the distribution of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow in X. laevis differs from that in mammals, and that the bone marrow of X. laevis constitutes a useful model for exploring the mechanism underlying the phylogenetic differentiation of bone marrow hematopoiesis.

Immune and stem cell compartments of acetabular and femoral bone marrow in hip osteoarthritis patients

Background: Severe trauma disrupts bone marrow function resulting in persistent anemia and immunosuppression. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles implicated in disease, cellular functions, and immunomodulation. The effects of trauma plasma-derived exosomes on bone marrow hematopoiesis are unstudied; we hypothesized that trauma plasma-derived exosomes suppress bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) growth and contribute to increased inflammatory cytokines and HPC mobilization. Methods: Plasma was collected from a prospective, cohort study of trauma patients (n = 15) with hip and/or femur fractures and an ISS > 15 and elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients (n = 15). Exosomes were isolated from both groups using the Invitrogen Total Exosome Isolation Kit. Healthy bone marrow was cultured with 2% plasma, 50 μg, 100 μg, or 200 μg of exosomal protein and HPC (granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, megakaryocyte colony-forming units [CFU-GEMM], erythroid burst-forming units [BFU-E], and macrophage colony-forming units [CFU-GM]) growth assessed. After culturing healthy bone marrow stroma with 100 μg of exosomal protein, expression of cytokines and factors influencing HPC mobilization were assessed by qPCR. Differences were compared using the ANOVA, with significance defined as P < 0.05. Results: The only demographic difference was age; trauma patients were significantly younger than THA (mean 44 vs. 63 years). In vitro exposure to trauma plasma significantly decreased growth of all HPCs. In vitro exposure to 100 μg or 200 μg of trauma exosomal protein significantly decreased growth of BFU-E and CFU-GM, whereas 50 μg had no effect. Culture of trauma exosomal protein with bone marrow stromal cells resulted in increased expression of IFN-γ, IL-1α, TNF-α, G-CSF, CXCR4, SDF-1, and VCAM-1 in bone marrow stroma. Conclusions: Both plasma and plasma-derived exosomes from trauma patients adversely affect bone marrow function. Plasma-derived exosomes may contribute to altered hematopoiesis after severe trauma; analysis of exosomal content may improve our understanding of altered bone marrow function.

Troubleshooting: Quantification of mobilization of progenitor cell subsets from bone marrow in vivo

Plerixafor (AMD3100) induces prolonged mobilization of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and increases the proportion of cycling cells in the blood in mice

Postmortem measurement of caffeine in bone marrow: Influence of sample location and correlation with blood concentration

Forty-two captive cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) were used to evaluate indices of nutritional status. They were fed either ad libitum or 25 percent restricted diets for 6 weeks after which one-half of each group was placed on the opposite diet for 3 weeks. Nutritional restriction for 6 weeks caused a reduction in body weight (P < 0.01). Rabbits switched to ad libitum diets for 3 weeks gained weight, whereas those switched to restricted diets lost weight (P < 0.01). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were higher in rabbits on restricted diets than in those on ad libitum diets for the last 3 weeks, whereas no significant differences were found in serum cholesterol levels. Recent nutritional restriction (3 weeks) significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the fat content of bone marrow. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 42(1):154-158 The need to determine the nutritional status of animal populations often arises in wildlife management. Various physiological indices have been employed for this purpose. One of the first was fat content of femur bone marrow (Cheatum 1949). In adult mammals, bone marrow performs an important function of fat storage; in long bones, marrow receives abundant vascularization and is very responsive to and reflective of nutritional status. While there have been extensive investigations of the use of bone marrow fat as an index of nutritional status for large mammals in the field (Riney 1955, Greer 1968, Neiland 1970), comparable studies of small mammals and controlled experimentation on responses of marrow fat to different nutritional levels are lacking. Recently, more precise, accurate, and responsive indices of nutritional status have been developed as the need for more intensive management of our wildlife resources has occurred. In this respect, serum cholesterol (Coblentz 1975) and BUN (Kirkpatrick et al. 1975) have been employed in studies with white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). The objective of this experiment was to determine the value of serum cholesterol, BUN, and fat content of femur and tibia bone marrow as physiological indices of nutritional status in cottontail rab-

Background. Previously, the antitumor activity of nanocomplexes (NCs) containing nanoparticles of rare earth metal orthovanadates GdYEuVO4 and cholesterol has been approved when applied in 9:1 ratio (the cells-to-NCs), which can be considered as a conditionally therapeutic dose. Therefore, studying the potential risks of NCs exposure in terms of functional activity of hematopoietic progenitor cells is relevant. Рurpose – determining a toxic effect of NCs on functional activity of hematopoietic cells of bone marrow (BM). Materials and Methods. The study was performed in BM cells of CBA/H mice. Nanocomplexes were synthesized at Institute for Scintillation Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. BM cells with NCs were incubated in the ratios as follows: 9BM:1NCs; 1BM:1NCs; 1BM:9NCs, followed by assessing the number of apoptotic/necrotic cells in BM using FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I (BD, USA) by means of “FACS Calibur” flow cytometer (“BD”, USA). Hematopoietic progenitor cells of BM were functionally evaluated in vivo by determining the content of colony-forming units of the spleen (CFUs) and the number of myelokaryocytes in lethally irradiated recipients on day 8 after administering BM cells, pre-incubated with NCs. Survival of irradiated recipient mice after BM administration was recorded 12 days long. Results and discussion. The dose-dependent effect of functional potential in- hibition for BM hematopoietic progenitor cells under NCs influence has been established. Although, in vitro processing the BM cells with a conditionally therapeutic dose of NCs (9BM:1NCs) before administration to irradiated animal caused remodeling of cell membranes and contributed to apoptotic manifes- tations, but it did not lead to strong changes in their colony-forming potential and did not reduce the number of BM cells in animals if compared with the introduced BM cells without NCs treatment. Increasing the NCs concentration five- and tenfold significantly reduced the colony-forming potential of BM cells, caused BM hypoplasia and a crucial reduction in the survival of recipient animals, indicating possible toxic effects of this compound when administered at high concentrations. Conclusions. The toxic effect of NCs is detected only when certain concen- trations, significantly exceeding the conditionally therapeutic dose previously determined when treating the experimental oncology diseases, are used.

Impaired expansion and multipotentiality of adult stromal cells in a rat chronic alcohol abuse model

Mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor blocks medullar erythropoiesis by depleting F4/80+VCAM1+CD169+ER-HR3+Ly6G+ erythroid island macrophages in the mouse

Local chemical sympathectomy of rat bone marrow and its effect on marrow cell composition.