Abstract
The article is devoted to the improvement of methods for calculating buildings as large finite element systems and implements approaches that provide a definition of the overall picture of the stress - strain state of a designed building (structure) in parts, including its structural units and a pile foundation.
 The article contains a description of the methodology, the essence of which is to bring the stiffness of the pile foundation in the form of single piles (for example, under the columns of a frame of a public, residential or industrial building) and the adjacent soil mass, to the supporting points of interaction of the piles with the building. Generalized stiffness coefficients of the pile, obtained taking into account the soil with different deformation characteristics, are entered into the general matrix of the building for the subsequent determination of its stress - strain state and stability. At the final stage of moving the reference points of the building, it is possible to calculate the characteristics of the stress - strain state of the pile in the ground.
 In this article (part 1), the generalized stiffness coefficients of the pile are obtained taking into account the types of soil (sand and clay) with physical and mechanical characteristics selected from regulatory documents. The calculations are performed using the FEMAP with NX NASTRAN software package. The material on the structuring of the building model is supposed to be published in the subsequent parts of this article
Highlights
The article is devoted to the improvement of methods for calculating buildings as large finite element systems and implements approaches that provide a definition of the overall picture of the stress strain state of a designed building in parts, including its structural units and a pile foundation
The article contains a description of the methodology, the essence of which is to bring the stiffness of the pile foundation in the form of single piles and the adjacent soil mass, to the supporting points of interaction of the piles with the building
At the final stage of moving the reference points of the building, it is possible to calculate the characteristics of the stress - strain state of the pile in the ground
Summary
Каждая (i – ая) свая свайного фундамента (свайного поля) здания вводится в расчет обобщенными жесткостями. T – матрицы взаимного влияния; R – матрицы коэффициентов жесткости исключаемой области без учета узлов границы γ; Т – признак транспонирования матрицы; i = 1–N – порядковый номер сваи; N – количество свай. Где R – матрицы коэффициентов жесткости области здания Ω без учета узлов опирания, расположенных на границах γi; R R –. Где q i – вектор узловых перемещений области δi, используемый для определения характеристик напряженного состояния, а также для корректировки решения при развитии в ней пластических деформаций. Для определения обобщенной жесткости свайного фундамента выбрана пространственная модель сваи сплошного квадратного сечения по ГОСТ 19.804.1 [29] с грунтовым массивом в виде объемного тела – Solid с физико-механическими свойствами грунта. 2 представлена расчетно-деформационная модель сваи сплошного квадратного сечения длиной L=2м совместно с грунтовым основанием – однородный грунт – песок. Приведенные коэффициенты жесткости грунтах различных типов четвертичного отложеопорных узлов сваи, работающей в песчаных ния, представлены в таблице 1 и на рисунках 3а и 3б
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