Етимологічний аналіз сакральної праслов’янської лексики в світлі мовно-історичних ідей І. Огієнка

Abstract

The article deals with etymological and derivational analysis of some proper names of sacral vocabulary of proto-Slavonic origin paying attention to the semantic aspect and the problems of forming stems productivity. The author emphasizes that the idea of a dynamic approach to the systematic study of language, suggested by the prominent linguist Baudouin de Courtenay, has become increasingly relevant in mod-ern linguistics. This tendency is well grounded, because it is the historical aspect of linguistic studies, the combination of synchronous and diachronic methods allows not only to record and describe language phenomena, but also to explain them, revealing the causes, patterns and features of language systems evolution.Of particular interest are the peculiarities of derivative processes in ancient languages, because their solution is connected not only with the formation and development of lan-guage as a system, but also with the problems of consciousness and thinking evolution. The author identifi es that not all functional word-forming models of the Slavonic language system have been analyzed by researchers of historical derivation processes.The attention to the proper names of the sacred vocabulary of Slavonic origin is caused by the fact that these lexical units show the initial semantics, motivation, peculi-arities of the Slavonic derivation. The author says that in modern linguistics it is accept-able to identify the gods of the Slavonic and other pantheons and, accordingly, to borrow in the Slavonic languages their own sacred names. The purpose of the article was to ana-lyze the Slavonic sacral lexical units, whose etymological analysis is absent, or doubtful in terms of the semantic criterion, with the emphasis on the problem of stems productiv-ity in proto-language (with main criterion of etymological research maintained).The author emphasizes that deep etymological researches should be carried out with observance of the basic criteria, phonetic – word-making and semantic in particular.The article presents an analysis of the proper names with sacred subjects, which or-ganically refl ect the ancient man’s worldview, demonstrating their formation according to certain, with clear structure, word-forming models. The evidence that such models are common Slavonic, with the Slavonic proto-forms in their basis, refutes the belief in the scientifi c literature that the Slavonic sacred vocabulary is predominantly borrowed.