마조(媽祖)를 통해서 본 중국의 통합 전략

Abstract

This thesis aims to examine the integration strategy of Chinese Communist Party focusing on Mazu which is the god of the sea. Mazu is a god who deified Lin Moniang(960-988) from Meizhoudao of Fujiansheng, China, and the central divinity is to save people who fall into the sea. As the Mazu belief grew into the national belief, it became a god who could protect the state to be able to attack the other side by raising the waves for the believers in the Ming/Qing Dynasty. And today, the Chinese Communist Party gave Mazu the status of ‘goddess of peace’ for the cross-strait integration and concentration of the Great China region after exceeding the god protecting the state.BR Even though the Mazu belief disappeared in the Chinese mainland as it was removed during the Cultural Revolution, this belief has been maintained in Taiwan and overseas Chinese society. The Chinese Communist Party that captured this point, tried hard to restore the Mazu belief after the 2000s. In 1997, the Chinese Communist Party started building up the Meizhou Mazu Shrine in Meizhoudao, as the hometown of Mazu. In 2006, the Mazu Festival was selected as the 1st national intangible cultural heritage. The UNESCO registered the Mazu belief & customs in the World Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2009.BR CCTV produced and broadcasted a drama Mazu(2012). This drama not only talks about the integration of Chinese mainland and Taiwan through Mazu, but also talks about the integration of the Great China region and the integration of the world. The drama targeting Mazu is produced based on the wholehearted support by politicians taking in charge of central roles in the cross-strait relations. Also, on top of showing the high ratings in the Chinese mainland, it could be easily broadcasted even in Taiwan or other countries in Great China region as the contents handle the belief shared by Great China region.BR This study examined the process in which Mazu as the god of the sea returned to Meizhoudao, and also revealed what the Chinese Communist Party aimed to tell through Mazu focusing on Meizhou Mazu Shrine and a drama Mazu of CCTV. In the results of this study, Mazu was not the god that was voluntarily returned by the Chinese Communist Party, but the god that was returned to meizhoudao in the Chinese diaspora society. Also, by capturing this point, the Chinese Communist Party revived the Mazu belief, and tried to show a sense of kinship of Great China region through culture. However, in this process, the Great China region was divided, and the necessity of integration was exposed.