دراسة لإحیاء التراث الشعبى لفن المکوک فى محافظة دمیاط واستحداث شرائط زخرفیه لتجمیل الملابس الخارجیة للنساء

Abstract

إن التصدي لدراسة المأثورات الشعبية لا يمکن تحقيقه إلا من خلال جهود علمية تسعى إلى استخلاص هذا المأثورات من بيئتها المختلفة الشائعة فيها ويعتبر فن المکوک جانبا من جوانب الفنون الشعبية والذي تستلهم وحداته من المعتقدات والموروثات الخاصة بالطبقات الشعبية وليست وحدات أو أساطير غريبة على البيئة التقليدية بل موروث شعبي أصيل0 و فن المکوک من الفنون القديمة والموجودة في محافظة دمياط وبخاصة قرية السنانية التي تشتهر بها منذ أکثر من 200 عام؛ فهو من الحرف التي تمثل التراث الشعبي رغم التطور المعاصر لصناعة الدانتيل والرکامات وجميع أنواع الشرائط والتي غمرت الأسواق ونافست المنتجات اليدوية التقليدية إلا أن ذلک لم يؤثر على هذا الفن من الشرائط ومازال يمثل حالة تفرد بذاته من خلال وحداته الزخرفيه التقليدية المتوارثة والتي تزخرف المنتجات الشعبية من الطرح والإيشاربات والشيلان. Research summary We can not study folk aphorisms without the scientific efforts which seek to get these aphorisms from its different environments, in which they are so common, bobbin art is considered one of the sides of folk art which is inspired from the distinct beliefs and heritage of lower class rather than myths which are strange to the traditional environments but it is an authentic heritage. Bobbin art is one of the old arts which existed in Damietta ,especially Sananya village, more than 200 years ago ; as it is one of the crafts which represents the folk heritage despite of the modern development of lace, piles and all kinds of ribbons which flooded the market and competed the traditional handmade products but that has never influenced this ribbon art and it is still one of a kind because of its inherited traditional decorative units which ornament the folk products like scarves and shawls. Research objectives 1. documentation of bobbin art which Damietta is famous for. 2.determining the areas in which people do works of bobbin in Damietta in order to revive the heritage of bobbin art and in order to spread it. 3. studying and analyzing the tools and techniques used in the bobbin art. 4.making some ribbons which are developed from the bobbin art and then use it for decorating women’s outfits. Research results The most important results which the two researchers found out and which the theoretical, field and empirical study revealed: Results of the theoretical study: 1.contributing to a historical documentation for the bobbin art and trying to revive it and spread it widely ; locally and worldwide as it is one of the oldest and most important artistic inherited handmade crafts which was about to disappear. 2.all of the decorative units of the bobbin art have got inherited names from the days of our ancestors and they were named according to who are in charge of making this kind of art and it was done on handkerchiefs for hands and heads. Results of field study After a comprehensive survey of all the areas and villages of Damietta , researches have proved that Senania is the only village that practices the bobbin art and women who are into that kind of art are women who aged from 50 to 70 years old which means that that kind of art is about to disappear. Results of empirical study 1.developing ingenious ribbons and units in a modern way that carries heritage to study area. 2.making the best benefits of these modern ribbons and units in the field of designing clothes by decorating women’s outfits with different techniques