Извлечение золота и серебра из шихты отходов горных предприятий

Abstract

The development of cryogeotechnology for heap leaching of gold from waste from mining and mining processing enterprises in order to control the movement of mineral mass at all stages of the life cycle of the enterprise is an urgent scientific task. The purpose of the study is to develop a technology for year-round processing of man-made waste from a mining enterprise with the use of intensification methods. Research objectives are as follows: 1) chemical analysis of the initial sample charge consisting of off-balance ore from the “Talatuy” deposit (TP sample-1-22-H) and ZIF tails (TP test-2-22- X) by size classes; 2) selection of the optimal fraction of the charge of TP samples-1-22- Z and TP-2-22; 3) testing in a percolation column (the classic KV method); 4) chemical analysis of leaching cakes of the charge of TP samples-1-22-Z and TP-2-22-X by size classes; 5) development and testing in laboratory conditions of the technological scheme of year-round extraction of gold from the charge of mining waste mining and processing enterprises using intensive methods. The study has been carried out in two stages: the first stage is the classical method of KV granules obtained as a result of pelletizing off–balance ore and stale tailings (an analogue for comparison); the second stage is the method of KV granules, using the processes of disintegration of sulfide minerals with encapsulated inclusions of gold by fine grinding and oxidation. A technological scheme for extracting gold from the waste charge of mining and processing enterprises has been developed and tested in laboratory conditions, consisting of the following operations: grinding of stale tailings up to 90 % of class minus 0.071 mm with the addition of lead gleta as an oxidizer; 2) preparation (activation) of a leaching solution of NaCN + ozone; 3) pelletizing of granules consisting of from the charge (20 % off-balance ore and 80 % of stale tailings); 4) leaching of gold by cyanidation in a percolation column. The developed technology makes it possible to carry out leaching year-round, increase gold extraction by 9.3 % (from 75.1 to 84.4 %), gradually reduce the sources of man-made hazards and solve the problems of the gold mining industry.