Кризис режима нераспространения ядерного оружия: итоги и перспективы

Abstract

The article reveals the causes of the crisis of the global nuclear order, analyzes the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), which is the central element of the global nuclear order, the main goal of which is to prevent nuclear war. However, the lack of nuclear disarmament and the humanitarian consequences of the use of nuclear weapons had led to the conclusion in 2017 the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). The new treaty further exposed existing shortcomings in the NPT and exacerbated unresolved conflicts over the proper approach to disarmament. The absence of genuine disarmament, the existence of disagreements among the parties within NPT, the persistence and attempts to proliferate nuclear weapons are part of a comprehensive crisis and destabilization of the non-proliferation regime. The author argues that in order to stabilize the nuclear nonproliferation regime, it is necessary to resolve the crisis of confidence between the major nuclear powers, depolarize the intergroup divisions of the countries' positions in the NPT, and return to the principle of preventing nuclear war as the main goal. Only a comprehensive response to the crisis of the nuclear non-proliferation regime, that will take into account the interests of all parties can stabilize and maintain the global nuclear order.