Abstract
The purpose. To select pure clones of female plants and to clarify spread in domestic plantings of cherry, mazzard cherry and their stocks of virus pathogens which were not widely study. Methods. Visual diagnostic study of plantings, immunoenzymatic analysis, statistical methods for data processing. Results. During visual diagnostic study of plantings of asymptomatic plants they selected 90 samples of mazzard cherry, 63 samples of cherry and 33 — of clonal stocks. Their inspection on presence of 11 viruses proved that the level contamination of mazzard cherry (16,7%) was considerably above, than that of cherry (9,5%). In the probed samples of varieties presence of viruses only from two taxonomic groups (of stems Ilarvirus and Nepovirus), namely VKS (8,7%), VNKP (11,8), VMR (6,7), VLKPS (6,7), VKPM (1,1%), and also their complex infection contaminations was revealed. In stocks VSL-2, Kolt and Studenykivska viruses were not revealed. It is determined that the most spread pathogen in plantings of both crops was VNKP (11,8%). It goes into all the identified complexes from 2 and more viruses. Among 11 tested varieties of mazzard cherry the most infected were Valerii Chkalov and Kazka (50%). Free from viruses were samples of varieties Donetskii ugoliok, Donetskaya krasavitsa, Nizhnist, Melitopolska chorna, and Udivitelnaya. At the same time samples of 3 varieties of cherry — Vidrodzhennia and Solidarnist (33%), Ksenia (12%) — were infected. Conclusions. Spread of virus pathogens to plantings of cherry and mazzard cherry in 6 regions of Ukraine is fixed. Pure plants of all tested varieties are selected for the further inspection on presence of virus pathogens by OT-PCR method with the purpose to takeoff plants in initial clones which can be used for reproduction according to standard schemes of certification of these crops. The state of execution of technology requirements on saving virus-free status of parent plantings in equipments of different patterns of ownership is analyzed and measures on prevention of spread of viruses in parent and industrial plantings are offered.
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