Abstract
Long-term dynamics of the aquatic toxicity was studied in the Rybinsk Reservoir. According to the biotesting, the Volga and Sheksna reaches were the most polluted areas, which were exposed to household and industrial wastewater, as well as to the diffuse runoff from agricultural land and major highways. The relationships between the parameters of toxicity and indicators of the chemical composition of water were analyzed.
Highlights
It is necessary to control the quality of natural waters in order to solve the problem of rational exploitation of biological resources of the water bodies successfully and to supply locals with drinking water
The toxicity index (TI) was calculated in order to obtain comparable results of biotesting; TI was a value expressed in fractions of a unit for each measured indicator according to the equation: TI = TPVe / TPVc, where TPVe is the value of the test parameter in the experiment, TPVc, in the control
Some researchers argue that the assessment of the hazard of pollutants at the ecosystem level requires the use of several test objects; the metaanalysis of numerous literature data evidenced that the results of such testing did not differ much from those obtained at the level of an individual organism (Slooff et al, 1986)
Summary
It is necessary to control the quality of natural waters in order to solve the problem of rational exploitation of biological resources of the water bodies successfully and to supply locals with drinking water. The most significant water users are municipal unitary enterprise “Vodokanal” and the enterprises of the Cherepovets industrial hub (PJSC “Severstal”, OJSC “Severstal-Metiz”, and OJSC “PhosAgro-Cherepovets”). Wastewater from these enterprises, as well as agricultural wastewater, enters the reservoir with the waters of the rivers Koshta, Sheksna, Yagorba, and some others (Tikhanovskaya and Mashikhina, 2016); these enterprises have a pronounced technogenic effect on the ecosystem of the reservoir, in particular, on the Sheksna Reach. The last should be understood as integral approaches that combine the total effect of all biologically hazardous substances present in the test sample on aquatic organisms, while hydrochemical methods, on the contrary, break down the sum of the present pollutants into their constituent parts and allow to identify the source of toxicity. The study aims to assess the long-term changes in the aquatic toxicity of the Rybinsk Reservoir using the biotesting method and to search for the factors influencing this parameter
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