Продуктивность коров при разной комбинации линий

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to study the milk productivity of cows with different combinations of lines. The object of the study were first-calf cows of the black-and-white breed of the line Vis Back Aidiala 101341, Reflection Soveringa 198998, Montvik Chiefteina 95679. Cows obtained by intraline selection of the Aidial line have a high level of milk productivity, with milk yield of 5571 kg of milk, milk fat yield of 226 kg and protein yield of 171 kg, while significantly (P<0.05-0.01) superior to first-calf heifers, belonging to the Sovering line for 102 kg, 4 kg of fat and 4 kg of protein, and to the Chieftain line - for 259 kg of milk, 16 kg of fat and 11 kg of protein, respectively. When crossing the Ideal-Sovering lines, the highest milk yield is observed (5667 kg), with good milk fat content (4.01 %), high yield of milk fat (227 kg) and milk protein (172 kg). With the reverse cross Sovering-Idial, slightly lower milk productivity rates were obtained. When using bulls of the Aidial line on cows of the Governer line, high milk fat content (4.07 %) and milk fat yield (228 kg) were obtained, with average values of milk yield (5596 kg), protein mass fraction (3.01 %) and its yield (168 kg). Unsuccessful combinations of lines in both forward and reverse directions are crosses of the Idial and Chieftain lines. The descendants of such combinations have the lowest milk productivity. Thus, the use of line manufacturers R. Sovering and V.B. Idiala, both with intraline selection and interline combination, gives the best milk productivity indicators. Consequently, it is necessary to evaluate bulls according to the compatibility of lines; this has a great influence on the productivity of the offspring, since sires of the same line, when inseminating cows of the same lines, produce offspring of different productivity.