КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ И АДАПТАЦИОННОГО РИСКА У ВОДИТЕЛЕЙ АВТОТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ

Abstract

It is relevant to identify risk factors and early markers of compensatory disorders, to assess the adaptive potential of people working in harmful working conditions. Purpose — to explore the functional state and adaptive risk of drivers of trucks and special equipment, depending on age and seniority. Materials and methods. The study involved 474 drivers of trucks and special equipment of the water supply and sanitation enterprise (men aged 21‑67 years (52.3±9.7), with an average driving experience of 28.9±11.9 years and work experience at the enterprise from 0.5 to 41 years). Parameters of the functional state were assessed by general clinical and biochemical methods. The adaptive risk was estimated using heart rate variability indices according to the method by R.M. Baevsky. Results. The adaptive risk of a low category was determined in 41.6% of the surveyed, moderate ‒ in 35.4%, high and very high — in 23%. Significant correlations of adaptive risk with age (r=0.21, p=0.0000), driving experience (r=0.114, p=0.02), risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (smoking, elevated blood pressure, serum glucose, body mass index) were established. A decrease in the activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase was registered depending on the length of service at the enterprise (r=−0.25, p=0.005). Conclusion. Adaptive risk is a measure of functional reserves and the degree of stress of the cardiovascular system, which makes it possible to use this integral indicator for an early dynamic assessment of the risk of CVD in workers under high production loads.