Abstract
The article analyzes the historical development of inquiry bodies on the territory of Ukraine. It is emphasized that the introduction and functioning of new legal institutions both cause fundamental changes in people's minds and are a consequence of these changes. One of the legal institutions that has significantly influenced the development of legal systems in the world is the institution of pre-trial investigation, including its form - inquiry. Six stages of formation of legal regulation of inquiry in Ukraine are established. It is determined that in antiquity, operational and investigative activities began to emerge, which is primarily traced in religious stories. It is investigated that during the existence of Kievan Rus, the collection "Ruska Pravda" contained many elements of the pre-trial investigation, the responsibility for which was entrusted to the victim. It is determined that during the existence of the Zaporizhian Sich there is a mention of the traditional conduct of inquiries by the military ossuary in cases of conflicts between the Cossacks or their crimes. In the Ukrainian lands, which were part of the Russian Empire, in 1718 began a stage of dynamic development of knowledge. It is concluded that the institute of inquiry in the Russian Empire first appeared in fact, and then received its legal enshrinement in numerous legal acts. It is at this stage of the formation of legal regulation of the inquiry is the separation of inquiry and investigation, the separation of the judiciary from the executive. It is established that the pre-trial investigation, including the institute of inquiry, during the existence of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic has received a difficult path of development, constantly reforming in search of the optimal model. According to the new criminal procedure legislation of independent Ukraine, inquiry is a form of pre-trial investigation (along with pre-trial investigation) in which criminal offenses are investigated. It is noted that in 2020 the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine in Connection with the Adoption of the Law of Ukraine" On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Simplification of Pre-trial Investigation of Certain Categories of Criminal Offenses "came into force. changes in legislation and the introduction of a relatively new institution of criminal misconduct. The role of investigators in the criminal process and features of the inquiry, which has a special (simplified) nature at the present stage of development of the legal system are analyzed.
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