Связь стратегий совладающего поведения и социально-демографических характеристик пациентов с диагнозом "рак легкого"

Abstract

The article examines the connection between coping strategies and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with lung cancer. When collecting empirical material, the authors used a questionnaire to obtain data on socio-demographic indicators and the psychodiagnostic survey technique “Methods of Coping Behavior” by R. Lazarus (adapted by T.L. Kryukova). The respondents in this study were 78 patients of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, aged from 39 to 80, with malignant neoplasms arising from the epithelium of the tissue of large and medium bronchi, small bronchioles and alveoli. The results of the study are the following. (1) A clear difference between groups of respondents on the basis of “gender” is observed in the coping strategies “confrontational coping” and “positive reappraisal”: the latter is significantly higher in women, while the former in men. The coping strategy “planning to solve a problem”, which is weakly expressed in both men and women, is separately noted; its values are below the norm of the questionnaire. (2) A significant difference between groups of respondents on the basis of “professional status” is observed in the coping strategies “distancing” and “taking responsibility”; among non-working respondents they are much more pronounced. (3) A significant difference between groups of respondents based on age is observed in the coping strategies of “distancing”, “seeking social support”, “planning to solve a problem”, and “positive reappraisal”. Respondents in the 51–60 age group have the highest values of coping “seeking social support”, “planning to solve a problem”, “positive reappraisal”, and the lowest “distancing”. Respondents in the 61–70 age group have the lowest value compared to other groups of respondents and the norm of the questionnaire for the strategy “planning to solve a problem”. Respondents in the 71–80 age group have the highest value for the strategies “seeking social support” and “distancing”, as well as a low value for “planning to solve a problem” in relation to the questionnaire norm. The results obtained can serve as a building block for the development of a scientifically based system of psychological support for both patients and medical personnel working with them at all stages of treatment: from diagnosis to remission.