УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ К БИОТИЧЕСКИМ ФАКТОРАМ И УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ АЛТАЙСКИХ СОРТОВ СМОРОДИНЫ ЧЕРНОЙ В ЯКУТИИ

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the influence of biofactors on the yield of Altai varieties of black currant in the conditions of Yakutia. The purpose of the research is to evaluate and identify the sources of resistance to powdery mildew and kidney mite, high productivity of Altai varieties of black currant in Central Yakutia. Tasks: 1. to study the productivity, disease and pest infectability of Altai varieties of black currant; 2. to identify sources of high resistance to powdery mildew, kidney mite and productivity. The research was conducted at the Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture named after M. G. Safronova in Pokrovsk, Khangalassky ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Objects of research – 10 varieties of black currant selection of the M. A. Lisavenko Research Institute of Natural Sciences. The research was carried out according to the "Program and methodology of variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops" (1973, 1999). Immunity to powdery mildew was shown by the varieties Gift Kuzioru, Altai late, Spherical and Ksyusha. The relationship between the defeat of powdery mildew and yield on average for varieties was r=-0.4. Resistant to the kidney mite variety Lama, 3 points damaged variety Harmony. The correlation coefficient between kidney mite damage and the yield of varieties had a weak positive relationship (r=0.2).According to the high yield (8.9-11.9 t/ha), the varieties Gift Kuzioru, Altai Late and Spherical were distinguished, exceeding the control by 4.3, 3.4 and 3.2 times, respectively.A positive close relationship between the degree of flowering, fruiting and yield of varieties was established (r=0.6).The varieties Nika, Ksenia and Hercules were distinguished by their large fruitfulness. Valuable sources of black currant were identified: for resistance to powdery mildew – the varieties Gift Kuzioru, Altai late, Spherical and Ksyusha; for resistance to the bud mite – the Lama variety; for high yield – the Gift Kuzioru, Altayskaya late and Spherical varieties; for large - fruited-Nika, Ksyusha and Hercules. These varieties are recommended for use in the selection of black currant in the conditions of Yakutia.