Abstract
In this study lipid peroxidation products, carotenoids, phenols, flavonoids and catalase activity were analyzed in herbage from various anthropogenic zones of Tyumen. Red clover (Trifolium rubens) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) were collected near a highway, metallurgical plant, engine building plant, oil refinery, battery manufacturing plant as well as in relatively unpolluted site. Heavy metal concentration in soils was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb and Zn concentration in soils from the urban area turned out to be elevated compared to the background level Exceeding maximum permitted concentration was revealed by Pb content in soil near battery manufacturing plant. The percentage of heavy metals mobile form decreased in the order: Mn>Zn>Cu>Fe. Negative correlation between heavy metal content in soils and lipid peroxidation products, carotenoids and phenols in plants was established. The concentration of lipid peroxidation products (Schiff bases and diene conjugates) in plants at industrial sites was decreased by 40–70 %. Pollutants from metallurgical plant influenced lipid peroxidation the most among all other examined sited Carotenoids concentration in plants decreased at all examined sites by 5–40 %. Carotenoids turned out to be the most vulnerable antioxidant among examined. Concentration of phenols and flavonoids both increased and decreased, depending on the examined site. Probably, this is related to chelation of phenols and flavonoids by heavy metals, but at the same time with synthesis of these antioxidants to block lipid peroxidation. Change in phenols and flavonoids level turned out to be species-specific, which is stipulated by plants different persistence to pollutants. Phenols and flavonoids concentration in plants negatively correlated with lipid peroxidation products in coltsfoot, which indicates its antioxidant role. Catalase activity depended on the examined site and plant species, its change was not unilateral. An increase in catalase activity, likely, provided reduce in diene conjugates and Schiff bases concentration.
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