Правові аспекти земельної реформи як основного національного ресурсу України: аналіз проблеми дослідження

Abstract

The article delves into the critical issues surrounding land reform in Ukraine, highlighting its significance as a national asset. The authors examine the historical background and the legal challenges in transitioning Ukraine’s agricultural land into a functional market economy. With agriculture being a cornerstone of the country’s economy, comprising over 68% of its total land area, reforming land relations has become essential for Ukraine’s sustainable development. Key points include the importance of aligning Ukraine’s legal framework with international and European standards, as outlined in the “Ukraine 2020 Sustainable Development Strategy.” The article discusses the core elements of the land reform, such as the creation of a transparent legal system, the liberalization of agricultural land transactions, and the establishment of mechanisms to improve land governance, food security, and environmental protection. The authors emphasize that the successful implementation of land reform depends on the development of a robust legal infrastructure that balances economic growth with the protection of national interests. Moreover, the paper addresses the existing legislative framework, particularly the Land Code of Ukraine and the Constitution, which recognizes land as a public resource under state protection. It critically analyzes the ongoing debate on lifting the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land and examines how this process could impact Ukraine’s agricultural sector, the economy, and landowners. The authors also compare Ukraine’s land reform experience with that of other European countries, exploring how international practices can inform domestic policy. Special attention is given to the legal, economic, and social consequences of introducing a full-scale land market, including the potential risks and benefits for rural communities and agricultural enterprises.Overall, the article provides a comprehensive analysis of Ukraine’s land reform, proposing practical solutions for overcoming legal and economic barriers to sustainable landmanagement.