ІДЕОЛОГІЯ, ГЕНДЕР, ДИСКУРС: НОВІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ІСТОРІЇ ПРЕСИ

Abstract

The paper deals with the actual problem of Ukrainian journalism – the search for a new methodology that is adequate to the challenges of the time, taking into account the interaction between media and society. The issue of the correlation of national and gender identities was relevant in the Western Ukrainian society of the interwar period. The problem of the interaction of gender and national identities should be analyzed as a question of colonialism, nation and gender in the context of the Ukrainian history of the 1920s-1930s. In addition, the national discourse with its ideology of devoted service to the people and state-building intentions was a decisive factor for the interwar generation in the conditions of the occupation of Ukraine. The most adequate scientific method of studying this problem is the discourse analysis. Discourse analysis studies identity as a means of defining a particular group, as well as the representation of this group in the struggle for hegemony in ideological discourses. Therefore, study the Western Ukrainian press of the 1920s-1930s (for example, the popular Galician, Bukovinian and Transcarpathian periodicals) through the prism of modern approaches –discourse analysis and gender analysis – is proposed in the paper. The discourse representations of femininity are explored in the ideological context of the national-democratic press. It turns out that the media space of the Western Ukrainian press was the scene of the struggle for the hegemony of two ideological discourses, patriarchal and feminist. Feminist discourse is represented by publications by the members of the Union of Ukrainian Women on the pages of popular periodicals. In these publications, the «taboo» issues of feminine identity were articulated, which was perceived as a threat to traditions and violations of public order, since authors thus redefined the social world. Significant progress has been made in the feminist aspirations of Ukrainian women and, accordingly, the fact that patriarchal ideology lost its monopoly status in the national-democratic press. Key words: discourse, ideological discourse, discourse analysis, identity, gender.