Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of assembling insole hardness (basic insole, [BI], hard hardness insole, [HI], medium hardness insole, [MI], and low hardness insole, [LI]) on the impact variables and the comfort during running.BRBRBackground: Foot size and shape vary according to gender and age, and the preferred cushioning varies each person. Therefore, an assembly type insole with different hardness is required depending on the functions of each plantar position.BRBRMethod: Twenty healthy male adults (age: 22.7±1.8 years, body weight: 72.5±7.7kg, height: 175.3±4.3cm) participated in this study. The data was collected during running at a speed of 2.7m/s and 3.3m/s on an instrumented treadmill (Bertec, USA). Biomechanical variables included the impulse (IM), impact force (IF), peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF), vertical loading rate (VLR), braking impulse (BIM), and propulsion impulse (PIM).BRBRResults: The VLR was statistically smaller for the assembling insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI during running at 2.7m/s (p.05). The PVGRF was greater for the assembling insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI during running at 3.3m/s (p.05), however, the VLR was statistically smaller for the assembling insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI (p.05). The comforts (Forefoot, Rearfoot, and overall) were statistically lower for the HI compared with the BI, MI, and LI. The feeling foreignness was statistically higher for the assembling insole (HI, MI & LI) compared with the BI.BRBRConclusion: It was concluded that the assembling insole (HI, MI & LI) may be more effective in the impact absorption compared with the BI during running. However, using assembling insole with systematic changes in hardness may require an adaptation period. Therefore, future study would be necessary to investigate the biomechanical differences and their comfort perception with the changes in the insole hardness over a long period of time.BRBRApplication: Users
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