Прогнозування неканцерогенного ризику для здоров’я населення від виробництв механічної переробки вторинних полімерів

Abstract

The most hygienically safe process of recycling polymers is mechanical recycling, which does not cause the destruction of polymers, products of which dangerously affect all components of the environment and man. The purpose of the study is to predict the non-carcinogenic risk to public health from the production of mechanical processing of secondary polymers, depending on the presence or absence of the stage of mechanical activation in the processing process. Materials and methods: sanitary-epidemiological examination; risk assessment of dangerous factors for public health; instrumental assessment methods; statistical processing of results – determination of arithmetic mean values, standard error, quadratic deviation. Results and discussion. It is established that the total indicators of air pollution by polymer dust, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide do not exceed the permissible level of pollution, and the degree of danger of this category of production is assessed as safe. Analysis of the obtained values of hazard coefficients of chemicals for the production of mechanical processing of secondary polymer raw materials without the stage of mechanical activation showed that the risk level for the maximum concentration of polymer dust and nitrogen dioxin at a distance of 25 m is assessed as alarming. The hazard factor for the maximum concentration of carbon monoxide at all distances studied did not exceed the permissible limits. For the production of mechanical processing of secondary polymer raw materials with the stage of mechanical activation, the level of risk for any of the test substances and at all distances studied did not exceed the allowable. Conclusion. Indices of danger of impact on individual organs and systems of the body (respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood, eyes) of the investigated substances (polymer dust, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide) at a distance of 50 m from the processing of secondary polymer raw materials without stages of mechanical activation are admissible, and for production with a stage of mechanical activation – minimum. It is established that according to the indicators of non-carcinogenic risk, sanitary-protection zone of production facilities for mechanical processing of secondary polymer raw materials without the stage of mechanical activation cannot be less than 50 m, and with the stage of mechanical activation can be reduced to 25 m