О методике исследования доз вредных производственных воздействий

Abstract

To assess the sanitary and hygienic working conditions for a number of factors in the working environment, exposure dose measurements are required. In contrast to the direct measurement of levels, the dose is determined by several measurements, followed by the calculation of the result. This requires a special measurement methodology. The scope of regular, rigidly defined methodologies is limited to permanent workplaces, where the work shift can be presented in the form of clearly defined long time intervals with a stable nature of the impact. In general cases of non-permanent workplaces with shifts of heterogeneous events, continuous measurements are required during the working day, which, as a rule, turns out to be unjustified for practical reasons. The paper discusses a methodology for determining the doses of exposure to production factors for a work team, in which the employees randomly move between different production areas, and harmful factors turn on at random times and act with random intensity. Employee movements can be viewed as a series of Bernoulli trials with a certain exposure probability. The probability of the distribution is described by the binomial law. In addition to the average dose values, the probabilistic approach allows to estimate type A and B uncertainties. The reliability of the results is checked by comparing the average value of the measurement results with the standard deviation. If the first is less than the second, the measurement results can be trusted.