Вплив транзиту гегемонії на структури символічного насильства в капіталістичній світ-системі

Abstract

One of the key concepts of world-system analysis is the concept of liberal hegemonic states, which not only arise, develop, and decline within the capitalist world-system, but also expand and re-establish it on new principles. Precisely, the transition of power between different hegemonic states occurred during the most significant world wars – 1618–1648, 1794–1815, and 1914–1945. This article examines the processes of symbolic violence and institutional isomorphism during the transition of hegemony. It argues that the hegemonic state creates an organizational field that spreads the phenomenon of institutional isomorphism within the capitalist world-system, which leads to some homogenization of the pseudo-independent states that are part of it. Although, speaking of such ‘standardization’, it is necessary to compare each state not with the hegemon but with other representatives of its zone in the capitalist world-system. The formation process of ‘universal’ institutions creates common cultural and political meanings, stabilizing transnational class alliances and allowing the hegemonic state to exercise its symbolic power at all levels of the capitalist world-system. Therefore, one of the most destructive manifestations of the hegemony transition is the collapse of global system of symbolic violence and institutional isomorphism, which leads to the failure of monopoly on symbolic and, consequently, physical violence. Moreover, it gives the reasons for numerous grassroots uprisings and leads to the emergence of competing illiberal government projects.