АНАЛИЗ ИМПОРТА И ЭКСПОРТА АЛЖИРА

Abstract

The article analyzes the dynamics and structure of the export-import relations of Algeria. The characteristics of the Algerian economy in the overwhelming majority of sources are consistently associated with the development of the country's energy sector, as well as the relatively low level of development of the socio-economic sphere. In the economy of Algeria, there are clearly marked trends of urbanization, an increase in the quality of life. An important role in this is played by the country's participation in the world export of hydrocarbons. At the turn of the 2000s, like a number of other North African countries, Algeria showed a clear readiness to integrate into the European economy, participate in large infrastructure projects (including the ambitious energy project DESERTEC, in which many EU companies were involved), there was an increase in business activity inside countries and the inflow of foreign investment, increased activity in the country of TNCs. All this taken together allowed researchers to predict in the 21st century. possible "African renaissance". However, the global crisis of 2008 and the subsequent crisis of world energy prices in 2014, the threat of the development in Algeria of a “color revolution” based on the model of neighboring countries of the region forced researchers to reconsider the forecasts for the development of the Algerian economy, revealed structural problems of the Algerian economy, offset by growth energy export revenues. In the context of a significant drop in world prices for energy resources and a slowdown in the growth rates of European economies, the influence of these factors on the state of export-import relations of Algeria, the state's trade balance, and the structure of foreign trade is of interest. The author comes to the conclusion that for Algeria the excessively high dependence of exports on hydrocarbon supplies was the reason for the formation in 2015 of a negative balance of the country's foreign trade for the first time since the early 2000s. The transition of the balance of foreign trade of Algeria to negative states is also influenced by the buildup of the negative balance of foreign trade with the PRC, which over the previous decade became the main trading partner of Algeria.