Abstract
Numerous studies have been performed to elucidate the mechanism of hair cell death in the inner ear following various ototoxic treatments, and a predominant role of apoptosis in the deletion of damaged hair cells has been revealed. In addition, recent investigations have indicated involvement of caspases, Bcl-2 family, cytochrome c and c-Jun in the process of apoptosis of inner ear hair cells. Oxidative stresses and nitric oxide were also hypothesized to play a certain role in the induction of apoptosis after ototoxic treatments. However, the precise relationships among these molecules in the apoptotic pathway of hair cells still remain unclear. Future studies are necessary to clarify the signaling cascades of apoptosis in either vestibular or auditory hair cells. This may contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms of ototoxicity and the establishment of new therapeutic strategies for inner ear disorders.
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