Влияние витамина D на риски развития рака грудной железы (Обзор литературы)

Abstract

Vitamin D is vitamin from the group of fat-soluble vitamins and is involved in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Recently, more and more studies are about the effect of vitamin D on the various diseases, such as diabetes, breast cancer, colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. There are a number of mechanisms by which vitamin D can influence the cancer. Such mechanisms include: induction of apoptosis, stimulation of cell differentiation, antiinflammatory and antiproliferative effects and inhibition of angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Speaking separately about breast cancer, it should be noted that the presence of vitamin D receptors in breast tissue was described in the early 1980s. Currently, the relationship between vitamin D status and the risk of developing breast cancer is still mixed. Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with breast cancer, and some evidence suggests that low levels of vitamin D increase the risk of developing or progressing the disease. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, despite the fact that a number of molecular subtypes of breast cancer have known targets for therapy, for the most aggressive tumors, molecular targets have not yet been determined. In this regard, the priority have research which study predictors of breast cancer and potential targets for therapy. Among the many factors that influence the risks of breast cancer, less than half of them can be modified. This makes them more valuable for practical medicine, but requires more detailed study. The article presents a review of publications devoted to the study of the effect of vitamin D on the risks of development and course of breast cancer. Keywords: breast cancer, Vitamin D, ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol.