남계서원의 내력과 인적 네트워크

Abstract

Namgyeseowon, currently registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in his hometown of Hamyang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, where Jeong Yeo-chang is enshrined. Namgyeseowon, which began to be built for the second time after Sosuseowon, was led by members of the Nammyeong School, including the Confucian scholars in Hamyang until the King Injo’s Restoration(仁祖反正) occurred. Gyeongsang-udo was the base of the Nammyeong School, and Namgyeseowon also functioned as a representative seowon at that time, as they maintained the position of the Bukin(北人) during the reign of King Gwanghaegun. However, when the Bukin fell due to the ahe King Injo’s Restoration, members of the Nammyeong School had to come up with self-help measures. The remaining Gyeongsang-u-do literati became to belong to politically Namin and Seoin and jumped on the ruling power, and it was the same for Namgyeseowon. Especially, in the wake of the in 1728 (the 4th year of King Yeongjo's reign), the descendants of Jeong Yeo-chang turned it into Noron faction and led to the seowon and Namgyeseowon was also going to be under the Noron faction.
 Currently, Namgyeseowon has a large collection of ancient documents that can prove this history. Among them, “Buborok” is the record of the lists and contents of goods donors such as grains, books, and slaves(奴婢), and the period spans between its construction stage and the first half of the 20th century. Therefore, when the seowon was managed by the Confucian scholars of Hamyang and the Nammyeong School before the King Injo’s Restoration, donations were made in Gyeongsang, Jeolla, and Chungcheong areas, including Gyeongsang-Gamsa. Gyeongsang-Gamsa donated regardless of their factions, and the donations from other regions were generally made by those directly or indirectly related to the Nammyeong School.
 However, when the Nammyeong School collapsed after the King Injo’s Restoration and the members of both Namin and Seoin factions were mixed, it was confirmed that the donors at that time were also mixed with the members of both factions. In addition, donations from the Gyeongsang- Gamsa also decreased significantly, and the regional scope was reduced to Gyeongsang-u-do area, indicating that the weakness of the seowon was also seen in the donation status. When the descendants of Jeong Yeo-chang led to manage the seowon, most of the donation were made by the descendants except for the Hamyang-Gunsu. Therefore, the historical development process of the seowon and the tendencies of donors in “Buborok” were correlated.