СМЫСЛ НАСТАВНИЧЕСТВА В ДОШКОЛЬНОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ

Abstract

The article clarifies the meaning of this concept, which in literature intersects with such concepts as a teacher, an educator, a mentor, a tutor, a leader, etc. The author sees in mentoring not a fashion, but an important trend, consisting in the reorientation of education to the individuality of the student, his/her independence and self-education, individual educational programs, joint activities with a teacher. To these characteristics, he adds an approach that involves solving a dual educational task – creating conditions (environment) for the formation of intelligence and the formation of a new image of a person (both sides of this task are specified based on the analysis of educational cases). The stages of the formation, development and completion of childhood and the associated features of mentoring are outlined. The early development of a child consists in the process of overcoming the inability to enter the world of adults and includes three fundamental moments – understanding, creating one's own world (reality), and the imitation of the adult life. An important area of preschool education is teaching techniques: reading, counting, drawing, modeling, correct reasoning, etc. Behavior is constantly becoming more complex, they learn many new ways of activity. It is at this stage that parents often begin to support the child less. He/she gradually moves to the independent behavior, the condition of which is the construction of “private” schemes, attributing certain characteristics to themselves, designing the world for themselves and seeing themselves in it. It is indicated that the mentor must ensure the creation of an environment for the formation of intelligence and for the development of a person. The image of such a person should be oriented towards a normal individual destiny, which implies life in harmony with oneself and participation in the salvation of life on earth.