ДИАСПОРЫ В АРХИТЕКТОНИКЕ МЕНЯЮЩЕГОСЯ МИРА

Abstract

More than a half century ago, an outstanding English historian and political thinker Arnold Joseph Toynbee visualizing the future wrote that the previous world of separate and territorially limited civilizations would be gradually transformed into the world of plural, huge and universal diasporas of different ethnic, religious, cultural backgrounds. The growth and expansion of present-day migrations is one of decisive features of the Global World structure and dynamics. As an outcome of wars, hungers, ecological catastrophes, ethnical and religious conflicts, predominance of local dictatorships, etc., millions and millions of human beings willy-nilly have to forsake their native birthplaces in search of favorable existence conditions. These massive processes drastically modify the whole picture of universal social, political and cultural history. The former world of relatively isolated civilizations seems to be almost finished; old European notions of tolerance and civil society need some kind of reconsideration; Oriental or Semi-Oriental clan structures are intensively “exported” to the countries of the West as well as to the Slavic area. This complex of circumstances provokes new challenges of xenophobia and mass right wing populism. All old notions of homogenous nation-state as well as those of “multiculturalism” seem to be obsolete. Thus, one of important imperatives of the present-day diasporized world seems to be connected with the search for new forms of cultural and political thinking based on renovated philosophical and political outlook.&nbsp