ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ВУЗОВ В 30-е гг. XX в. НА ПРИМЕРЕ ИНСТИТУТОВ ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА СИБИРИ

Aim. To study the incidence and mortality of lung cancer (LC) in the Tomsk region and to assess the economic damage. Materials and methods. The population-based cancer registry data collected at Tomsk Regional Cancer Center and the Federal State Statistics for 2007-2017 were used. The extensive, intensive and standardized variables were analyzed. Results. LC was the 4-th most common cancer, comprising 10.4% (10.1% in the RF) of all cancer cases in the Tomsk region in 2017. It ranked as the first most prevalent cancer for men (17.0%) and the 6-th for women (4.7%). The LC incidence rate decreased by 19.6%, reaching 29.5±1.3 per 100 000 (р=0.0149). It decreased in men (р=0.0006) but was stable in women. In 2017, the lifetime risk of cancer was higher in the Tomsk region than that in the RF, being 7.3% for men and 1.5% for women. LC was the most common cause of mortality from cancer for both sexes (18.9%), being the most common in men (28.1%) and the 4-th most common in women (8.0%). The mortality rate was higher in men than in women (55.6 versus 6.0; р=0.0012). In 2016, the total loss of the life potential in men amounted to 8.4 thousand, for women - 2.5 thousand man-years. Economic damage in the form of conditionally non-produced national income was growing and in 2016 amounted to 263.7 million rubles. Conclusion. Epidemiological analysis of LC in the Tomsk region indicates the relevance of improving the anticancer struggle with the development and implementation of ideas aimed at increasing the cancer literacy of the population and the alertness of primary care physicians, the formation and monitoring of risk groups, the timely routing of patients with suspected cancer.

Respiratory system cancer (cancer of the nasal cavity, middle ear, paranasal sinuses (C30-31), larynx (C32), trachea, bronchi and lung (C33-34) is one of the most common malignancies in the Tomsk region, comprising 12.9% of all cancer cases. The purpose of the study was to analyze the respiratory system cancer incidence among the population of the Tomsk region. Materials and methods. The study was based on cancer register data collected at the Cancer Research Institute and Tomsk Regional Cancer Center, and covered the period 2005-2016. Results. Respiratory system cancer is the most common cancer in men, comprising 21.7% and the 6-th most common cancer in women, comprising 5.1. The incidence of respiratory system cancer decreased in men and showed an increasing tendency in women. The age-standardized incidence rates in the Tomsk region were expected to be 58.3 per 100,000 males and 12.8 per 100,000 females by 2020. Conclusion. Early detection and prediction of respiratory system cancer should play a vital role in the diagnosis process and also increase the survival rate of patient.

In the article, on the basis of the generalization of the theoretical and applied basis in the field of economy, law, culture, the reasons and features of the commercial activity of cultural institutions are determined. It has been established that modern science, in most cases, equates the concepts of"economic activity", "entrepreneurial activity", "economic activity", "commercial activity". Given that, the article delineates these concepts by defining the key features of economic and entrepreneurial activity. On the basis of the definition of the concept of "commercial activity", the main difference betweenit and other types is determined, the essence of which is to focus on commodity exchange or trade. The relationship between economic, entrepreneurial, economic and commercial activities is conceptualized. It has been proven that economic activity is a broader concept that includes such types as entrepreneurial, economic and commercial activities. The main types of commercial services of cultural institutions are highlighted. It has been established that the main reason for conducting commercial activities by cultural institutions is obtaining additional income. It was found that not all paid forms ofsocial and cultural activities of cultural and educational institutions, theaters, philharmonic societies, folk groups and performers are considered entrepreneurial. Additional, both traditional and new forms of financing cultural institutions are outlined. A modern concept of the development of creative industries in Ukraine has been formed, the essence of which is to use the so-called symbiosis of forms of economic activity to combine consumer, state and financial interests of cultural institutions and balance supply and demand in the field of cultural and creative industries.

Social and economic activity of the Russian elder generation has a contradictory nature. On the one hand, Russian pensioners often continue working beyond the existing comparatively low retirement age, on the other hand, in terms of involvement in volunteering, political activities, and even in care for children and grandchildren they lag significantly behind the average European level. Explaining it only by the lack of time does not seem plausible, since in many European countries, the employment rates, involvement in unpaid work and caring for other family members are all higher than in Russia. In our study we attempt to identify reasons for lower social and economic activity of older adults in Russia as compared with European countries. We use data of Tomsk regional survey (2015, N=400) for accessing older adults’ social activity. Data analysis on Tomsk region suggests that employment (as an activity) and education (as a prerequisite) contribute to higher involvement in social interactions in later life.

The coordinated development of education and economy is a core issue in macro social progress, while the complementarity between economic and teaching activities within educational institutions constitutes a key proposition in micro management. Adopting a mixed-methods research approach that integrates systematic literature review, case study, and SWOT analysis, this paper takes Chinese educational institutions as the specific research object to systematically explore the theoretical connotation, practical manifestations, and influencing mechanisms of their complementarity. The study finds that the principle of complementarity can realize the synergistic optimization of resource allocation and talent training goals in educational institutions: economic activities provide stable resource support for teaching practice, and teaching achievements in turn feed back economic resources through reputation accumulation and social value transformation. Five optimization strategies are proposed: establishing a "teaching-oriented" financial philosophy, constructing an inter-departmental coordination mechanism, applying digital management tools, deepening the integration of production, education, and research, and improving a full-process supervision and feedback system. This research not only enriches the application dimension of complementarity theory in the field of educational management but also provides operable paths for educational institutions to improve management efficiency and achieve a win-win situation between educational quality and economic benefits.

Introduction. In Tomsk Region specialized medical care for the patients with acute cerebrovascular disorders has been provided and coordinated since 2012 by the Regional Vascular Center of Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital where more than three-quarters of all stroke patients in the region are admitted annually.Aim: To study the dynamics of mortality rates in different nosological forms of stroke, gender and age characteristics of the patients who died from stroke, the example of the work of the Regional Vascular Center of Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital being used, and to determine the directions for further improvement of medical care organization.Materials and Methods. At the first stage, the assessment of the dynamics of mortality rates from different nosological forms of stroke in Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital according to the Federal Statistical Observation Form No. 14 from 2018 to 2022 was performed. At the second stage of the study, based on data from registration form No. 066/u of the Regional Vascular Center, the structure of gender and age of the patients who died from stroke was analyzed, the average age of death of the patients with stroke, their gender and age characteristics, taking into account the form of stroke, were determined.Results. Mortality rates from stroke in Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital were relatively stable and quite high – 23.6–24.8%; the greatest fluctuations in mortality rates (36.0–59.6%) and (46.7–56.9%) were observed in hemorrhagic forms. The average age of death from stroke in men at the Regional Vascular Center was 12 years lower than in women – 67.0 (59.0–76.0) years. Distinct gender differences were revealed among deceased patients with a significant predominance of men – 73.0 and 68.6% in the age groups 18–44 years and 45–59 years.Conclusion. Directions for further improvement of medical care organization have been identified: opening an additional vascular center, developing mechanisms for timely re-evacuation of patients, optimizing the system for managing stroke risk factors.

The scientific article is devoted to the problems of participation of the state, state authorities, local self-government bodies (public entities) in economic activity. The Economic Code of Ukraine establishes that the state, state authorities and local self-government bodies are not economic entities (part one of Article 8). The solution to the problem of the ratio of economic entities and legal entities is possible in the proper enforcement and legal coherence of normative and legal regulation, in particular, the harmonization of tax and budget legislation in accordance with the needs of the economic (commercial and non-commercial) activity of public entities. Among the entire set of functions, those whose implementation is possible through direct participation in economic relations should be singled out: client (ordering and purchasing products for the army, educational institutions, health care, culture, state authorities), proprietary (fulfilling the role of the owner), innovative-investment, structural (promoting the formation and implementation of the national research, innovation, technical and investment policy). It was concluded that the participation of public entities in economic relations (emphasizing the normalization of relations on public regulation) and economic activity (participation in economic and civil relations as an equal participant) needs to be distinguished. In order to ensure legal certainty, the category “non-economic entity” should be removed. In the conditions of privatization of state-owned enterprises, the OECD Guidelines on corporate governance at state-owned enterprises, as well as EU acts on unbundling of ownership, should be used. It is promising to reduce the subject composition of public entities as direct participants in economic relations and the formation of a single normative model of their economic competence.

The aim of the article. Analyze the website of the higher education institution (University of Customs and Finance) in Dnipro in comparison with other educational institutions' websites; on the basis of the conducted research, develop the design of the main page of the site. The results of the analyses. Based on the assessment of university websites for 2023, we can conclude that the largest number of visits to the website of the NTU "Dniprovska Polytechnic", and the least number of visits to the website of the University of Customs and Finance. Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (DDAEU) spent the longest time on the site and viewed 12 pages, the least interested was the information posted on the Dnipro State Academy of Construction and Architecture, number of pages viewed – 2, 5, Time of stay on the UMSF website is 5 minutes. 7 p. and an average of 2.7 pages were viewed. This is a low value of the indicator and indicates that the content posted on the website of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University was the most interesting, and the least on the website of the Dnipro State Academy of Construction and Architecture, the percentage of rejections on website of the University of Customs and Finance is 46.45%. Foreign users were most interested in information on the website of the Dnipro National University named after O. Honchar, while foreigners were least interested in the website of the University of Customs and Finance. All the universities we studied use social networks to spread information about their calling. Based on the results of the research, we can conclude that the website of the Dnipro University named after A. Nobel has the best design and navigation, and the website of the Dnipro National University named after O. Honchar has the worst indicators. The website of the studied higher education institution (University of Customs and Finance) has 64 points according to experts. In general, it has convenient navigation, simple design, textual content is accompanied by illustrative content, meaningful information content. A negative indicator is the lack of a site search button on the main page. In addition, contacts for feedback and links to social networks are at the very bottom of the page. Based on the results of the SEO analysis of the site content, we can conclude that the Dnipro National University of Railway Transport website has the largest number of symbols. V. Lazaryan, and the smallest - the Dnipro State Academy of Construction and Architecture. The UMSF website has 14,292 characters. The largest number of unique words on the UMSF website. This means that the text has a higher semantic index. Low semantic index on the PDABA website. The highest "nauseousness" of the text on the website of NTU "Dniprovska Polytechnic", so search engines regard such an article as low-quality. The best content for search engines is the text on the website of the Dnipro State Academy of Construction and Architecture. The content of the website of the University of Customs and Finance is within the norm. "Perfect" website according to the Zipf index of Dniprovska Polytechnic National Technical University. The least naturalness of the text on the page is Dnipro University named after A. Nobel. The text on the UMSF website is considered to be spammed if the quality of the text is 47% according to Zipf's law. The highest site quality index is 440 (Dnieper State Academy of Construction and Architecture), meaning users are satisfied with the site. The lowest level of trust in the portal of the University of Customs and Finance. The results of the calculation of the integral index showed that the Dnipro State Agrarian University has a critical condition in the use of the website, and the satisfactory use of the Internet site has the Dnipro University named after A. Nobel, the state of use of the site of the Dnipro State Academy of Construction and Architecture is assessed as tense. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. To improve the functioning of the website of the University of Customs and Finance, it is necessary to: add an analytics counter to the site, remove duplicates of the main page, improve the site architecture and add internal linking, add a separate postal address for placement on the site, develop a strategy to improve the number and quality of backlinks , improve site security, redirect to the main site address, include keywords in the meta title and meta description, increase the page title tag, add an English version of the site, change the site design. The proposed measures will help to improve the technical characteristics of the site, and, therefore, to occupy better positions in Google's search results. The design change will contribute to better recognition of the university, improvement of the communicative component.

In its historical development, higher Russian engineering and economic education has gone through a centuries-long path of reformatory changes. It began with the establishment in 1830 of the Moscow Trade School to train skilled masters of factory crafts. Soon, by decision of the reigning government, it turned into the Imperial Technical School, intended to provide students with higher education in mechanical specialties with a duration of study of 5 years. For a long period of time, the Imperial Technical School represented in Russia the world's leading frontier of creative engineering thought by outstanding domestic mechanical engineering scientists. It has always been and still remains the first university-type higher technical educational institution in the country, training engineers and economists of a wide profile based on a combination of theoretical and practical training of students in real scientific and economic activities at existing industrial enterprises. At the Moscow Higher Technical School, under the leadership of D.K. Sovetkin, a new system of professional training for future engineering personnel was first developed and used with wide success in the educational process, which received worldwide recognition as the Russian method of teaching crafts. At that time, it was mandatory for all engineers to master carpentry, blacksmithing, turning, plumbing and modeling, each of which was studied in order of increasing complexity. In subsequent years, the basic scientific principles of the formation of complex theoretical knowledge and practical skills of future engineers of mechanical engineering production were presented in a systematic form in the textbook of the professor of the Moscow Imperial Technical School N. G. Charnovsky “Organization of industrial enterprises for metal processing. Published more than 100 years ago, the textbook, according to the organizers of the modern scientific “Charnov Readings”, is the world’s first textbook on production management. Samara State Technical University was also established, like the Bauman Moscow State Technical University many years earlier, by an imperial law signed by Nicholas II in his own hand with the words “Be according to this” on July 3, 1914. The “Law on the Establishment of a Polytechnic Institute in Samara”, approved by the State Council and the State Duma, determined its location, structure of divisions, general status, staff, sources of funding and start time of educational activities: I. To establish a Polytechnic Institute in the city of Samara consisting of two faculties: commercial-economics, with departments of economics and commercial-technical, and agricultural-economics, with divisions of commercial-economics and agricultural-economics departments into subdepartments by specialty. Classify the said institute as a higher education institution. II.Establish the attached staff of the polytechnic institute and put it into effect from July 1, 1915. The article examines, using the example of the country's well-known Bauman, Samara and other technical universities, the historical experience of the development of engineering and economic education in Russian higher education during the formation of new market relations. The main directions and results of cooperation between the Department of Production Management of SamSTU and the Volzhsky Automobile Plant PJSC AvtoVAZ in carrying out scientific research and improving the training of labor and production organizers are also revealed.

Under the influence of globalization and integration of economic processes in the domestic economy, the importance of intellectual resources is growing. Based on its use in economic activities, enterprises and organizations are able to realize their intellectual capital. The main condition for the formation of this special type of capital is the presence of intellectual potential that arises in the process of manifestation of intellectual abilities and professional competencies of the company's staff. The intellectual component is the fundamental basis of the system of relations between science, industry and society. Therefore, educational institutions play an important role in raising the intellectual level of the national economy. The theoretical approaches to determining the economic essence of the intellectual capital of higher education institutions have beem summarized in this article and the main aspects of realizing the intellectual potential of educational and research institutions in Ukraine have been explored. The availability of intellectual capital allows scientific organizations to formalize and implement in the market various forms and types of knowledge: research, skills, experience, competencies, professional skills. The purchase of knowledge allows commercial organizations to significantly increase the level of their technical and technological solutions, develop know-how, to acquire ownership of the right to use knowledge in the form of patents, licenses, franchises. On this basis, the production of new products can be carried out; use of new technologies, new management methods; creation of a trademark; development of new activities; entering new markets. The implementation of the socio-economic policy of the state should be based on the intensification of intellectual activity of higher education institutions, because in market conditions it is the state that should stimulate educational institutions to form intellectual capital. The important role of intellectual capital of higher education institutions is manifested in the fact that it allows them to become intellectual enterprises and significantly affect the national economy by increasing its competitiveness.

Introduction. Agrarian education is currently a difficult area of the branch educational sector, at the same time departmental dissociation of branch educational institutions and professional educational institutions of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation only complicates their interaction at all levels and stages of the process of continuous training of specialists. The growing pace of revolutionary changes in production technology in the modern economy leads to a widening gap between the requirements of employers and qualifications (primarily in terms of their practical component) of graduates of educational institutions and working citizens. In this context, the position on developing an integrated educational cluster model for quality and continuous training of specialists in Tomsk region is relevant. Purpose setting. The aim of the article is to investigate approaches to the training of agricultural specialists in Tomsk region to solve the problem of continuing education of personnel and declare to the scientific and pedagogical community, business structures and the apparatus of power about the feasibility of creating and implementing a technological system of advanced training of agricultural personnel in Tomsk region. Methodology and methods of the study. Methods of theoretical analysis of relevant scientific literature, program and official legal documents on education development, works on the problem of advanced training were used. Results. The principles of lifelong learning and advanced professional training of personnel are considered in terms of social and economic relevance. The concept of creating a regional educational ecosystem for advanced training of agricultural specialists with the competences of the XXI century as a model of integrated educational space was proposed. Developed model takes into account principles and main priorities of innovative approach to training of agricultural specialists at all levels. Conclusion. Educational ecosystem will meet the relevant needs of all participants of relations in the sphere of lifelong learning: schoolchildren, students, adults, institutions engaged in educational activities and teaching staff, employers and their associations, agrarian business institutions, local self-government bodies.

The author of the study analyzes the problems of the low level of readiness of the head of the educational institution for independent financial and economic activity as one of the conditions for ensuring the quality of the institution. The author sees the main problems of the low level of competence of the heads of educational institutions in the low level of knowledge of the regulatory framework in matters of financial and economic activity, accounting, planning and budgeting, codes for the functional and economic classification of expenses, in poor orientation in the treasury service system, and the lack of skills of economic service of the institution, maintaining warehouse records, low level of knowledge and ability to organize procurement procedures, lack of well-established ideas about construction work, about the procedure for drawing up acts of acceptance of work performed, the rate of consumption of building materials. Having examined in detail the problems that the head of the educational institution faces in organizing the work of the institution in conditions of independent financial and economic activity as the manager of lower-level funds, the author has developed recommendations and a list of specific measures to increase the level of competence of the heads of educational institutions to eliminate further identified shortcomings, prevention of violations of fiscal discipline and measures to prepare the head for independent financial and business activities.

Understanding the linkages between production activities and ecosystem degradation in China: An ecological input-output model of 2012

PrefaceThese Conference Proceedings contain the selected papers of the 17th theoretical and practical conference with international participation “Opportunities for development of tourism of Siberian region and neighboring areas” which was held from 30 October to 1 November 2018 in Tomsk. The conference was organized by National Research Tomsk State University. It was supported by the Tomsk regional branch of the Russian geographical society, the Department of culture and tourism of Tomsk region, the Department of General education of Tomsk region and the Tomsk city Administration. The Program Committee included Professor of the Carleton University (Canada) R.E. Ernst, Professor of the Tomsk state University Nina S. Evseeva, Professor of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Natalia A. Kolodiy, head of the Department of local history and tourism of the Tomsk state University Larisa B. Filandysheva, head of the Department of recreational geography, tourism and regional marketing of the Altai state University Alexander G. Redkin, head of the Laboratory of Self-Organization of Geosystems Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Pavel S. Borodavko and other famous scientists.The presented materials combine the results of a structural and compositional study of tourism and local history of Siberian region and neighboring areas. Issues of management and marketing of tourism, it’s geographical, economic and historical aspects developing were considered. This conference became a convenient platform for wider exchange of scientific information between specialists from higher education institutions, academic institutions and business companies. Section for young researchers with the aim of developing their scientific and creative potential in the field of modern recreation and tourism was foreseen by the conference program.We thank all participants for the initiative and active support of the conference.List of Scientific editors are available in this Pdf

Although there are exceptions, most European universities and institutions of higher education find it difficult to compete with the best universities in the Anglo-Saxon world. Despite the Bologna Agreement and the ambitions of the Lisbon Agenda, European universities are in need of fundamental reforms. We look at structural reforms of higher education and propose more effective use of public subsidies, more efficient modes of financing institutions of higher education, more diversity, competition, and transparency, larger private contributions and more equity. In the process we discuss the nature and governance of an institution of higher education, selection, hierarchy in higher education, grade-inflation, fair competition, private and social returns to education, income-contingent loans, equity, and transparency. We sum up with seven recommendations for reform of higher education in Europe. — Bas Jacobs and Frederick van der Ploeg