ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ЗЕЛЕНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of certain areas of the green economy in Ukraine. In the general case, a “green” economy is understood as a direction in economic science, within the framework of which it is believed that the economy is a dependent component of the natural environment within which it exists and is a part of it. The green economy is aimed at maintaining the well-being of society through the efficient use of natural resources, as well as the return of end-use products to the production cycle. Choosing the European development path, Ukraine has updated all the issues of greening the domestic economy. The article discusses the objective prerequisites for the development of the most attractive sectors of the green economy in Ukraine: agriculture, energy supply and waste management. It is noted that, taking into account the development of local self-government, Ukrainian megacities can take us to a certain part of the tasks of "greening" the domestic economy. Moreover, foreign practice is replete with vivid examples of the development of green cities. It is emphasized that the development of a "green" economy is not possible without the activation of state management instruments, namely: support in the form of subsidies and reduced tax rates, tax holidays for new "green" enterprises; material support of priority sectors in the form of equity participation in the authorized capital; control over the activities of green enterprises at all stages of production; emissions trading; replacement of morally and physically worn out equipment; creating programs for recycling and waste; allocating more state educational grants in the field of environmentally friendly technologies. In conclusion, it is noted that in the conditions of transition to a market economy, an economic mechanism for environmental protection management should be provided on the basis of strict environmental restrictions for territories and ecosystems, the creation of a system of payments for nature management, taking environmental factors into account in taxation, streamlining of financing sources for conservation, reproduction and conservation of natural resources.