Мемуарна палітра як історико-філософське джерело

When a specific fashion style is collectively adopted, it creates a cultural group─a subculture. The act of creating a specific fashion style in the subculture is the act of stylization, the building of its own symbols and rules through fashion. Therefore, studying fashion subculture means studying fashion behaviors and the styles that have been established as a cultural identity, and not as temporal trends. The purpose of this study is to interpret the meaning of the formative characteristics of contemporary fashion subculture, based on the cultural phenomenon of fashion. Seapunk, Lolita fashion, and Cyber-Goth were selected as research subjects, since they have collective cultural activities, and thus a strong identity as a culture, rather than just as a style. The analysis used the Greimas semiotic square based on the binary opposition of meaning and isotopy. The results of the study are as follows. First, Seapunk has formative characteristics of openness, flatness, and indeterminateness, associated with how members build their identities and characteristics of their visual motifs. The mixed visual representation of

For academics such as lecturers, students, and researchers, writing scientific articles is a mandatory task that essentially involves citing or including the work of other authors. This community service initiative aims to train students in using the Mendeley reference manager. Citing sources correctly can be challenging due to the need to understand specific citation styles, resulting in frequent errors. However, the Mendeley application usually ensures citation accuracy for scientific article writers. Therefore, Mendeley training is crucial for students. The limited face-to-face training session, enthusiastically attended by 33 participants, provided new insights into scientific writing and streamlined literature searches. This training is expected to empower Elementary School Teacher Education students to manage scientific references effectively with Mendeley, ultimately improving their ability to produce high-quality scientific articles.

Having skimmed through recently published articles of Bahir Journal of Education (BJE), I inadvertently engrossed with a few imperfections that are incompatible with a currently in use publication manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) style. Notwithstanding strong efforts have been made to produce high-quality articles in terms of contents, methodological approaches and scientific credibility, the oversights of very technical details of specific APA style and formatting have been found. From professional points of views, these oversights might certainly affect the quality of the journal. The main objective of this paper is to uncover the frequent errors that overlooked within the articles since 2014, and thereby to conquer the errors using sixth edition publication manual of the APA and up-to-date manuscripts that are available at the http://apastyle.apa.org/. I presented a series of errors observed in seven randomly selected articles regarding the titles, abstracts, citations, methods, statistical presentations and lists of reference entries to take viable measures that tackle the errors virtually. Finally, based on the observed mismatches, I forwarded implications for the quick use of publication manual of APA that could support the authors, the reviewers and the examiners of the journal articles. Keywords : BJE; APA styles; publication manual; oversights; frequent errors DOI : 10.7176/IKM/9-2-01

At the beginning of the XXth century, the transformation of the consciousness of the Russian peasantry sharply increased its momentum, and in addition to the traditional factors that influenced this, the generational factor should also be distinguished. The article explores the historical memory of the generation of the «revolutionary turning point» about the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 in the Russian village. The problem of the historical memory of the generation rarely becomes the subject of research by Russian historians. At the same time, the generation of the «revolutionary turning point» undoubtedly accumulated a very significant social experience, the study of the memory of which is a really important historical problem. The purpose of the study is to eliminate the gap in scientific knowledge on the designated topic. The study is built on the principles of historicism and objectivity using historical-comparative, deductive and retrospective methods. The authors rely on the theoretical and methodological approaches of generational research formulated by K. Manheim and P. Nora. The object of the study is the historical memory of the radicals of the generation of the «revolutionary turning point», who was born at the end of the XIX century, and who took an active part in the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 in the Russian village. The source base of the study is the materials of the foundation of the Society of Political Prisoners and Exiled Settlers of the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF), including biographical questionnaires, memoirs and other accompanying materials of representatives of the generation of the «revolutionary turning point» involved in the revolutionary process in the village in 1905-1907. Memoirs represent the most valuable material on the study of the historical memory of the generation about the events of the first Russian revolution. Analysis of this material allows you to identify a specific generational style and the sources of its formation. The analysis of the sources suggests that the development of an independent generational style among the youth of the «revolutionary turning point» was reflected in the historical memory of the generation about the revolutionary events in the village in 1905-1907. This is not only about the specific and completely new agitation and propaganda work for the generation to organize cells in the village. but also about the social experience of solidarity between the revolutionaries themselves, as well as about trying to establish contacts within the framework of the principle of joint action between the revolutionary element and the villagers. Representatives of the generation were driven not only by revolutionary ideas, but also by revolutionary emotions, which was reflected in memories.

Based on the semantic analysis of the terms, the proposition that the concepts of “management style” and “leadership style” can be considered synonymous, but not identical, is justified. The concept of “organizing” is meaningfully broader than the concept of “managing”, it includes various areas of activity. The management style is inherent in every organization, because effective activity is impossible without a specific management style. When the organization has an effective management style, the success rate is high. The management style can be considered as a complex manner of a manager interacting with subordinates, as well as solving other organizational tasks for the purpose of effective organization activity and rational achievement of the goals of such activity. The concept of “leadership style” is manifested in the manager’s managerial activities when establishing relations with subordinates, while “management style” is a broad concept that covers the solution of various organizational and management tasks. A manager is a formally established leadership of a person in a team. At the same time, not every head of the organization is a team leader. The head, manager, manager must be leaders. A leader is someone who can assume the responsibility of the head of the organization in a critical situation. Therefore, the leader spontaneously takes a leadership position and is also the most influential person in the organization. The phenomenon of leadership as a multi-component and complex concept is the subject of research in such fields as administration and management, jurisprudence and social psychology. Leadership can be viewed as a broader concept that encompasses both leadership and management. The concepts of head, manager and leader in the context of organizational management have their own characteristics and differences, but their understanding is important for the successful functioning of any organization. The manager manages on the basis of delegated powers, the leader has the skills and ability to mobilize the team, and the manager implements effective management conditions.

Generative AI has been gaining attention across various creative domains. In particular, MusicGen stands out as a representative approach capable of generating music based on text or audio inputs. However, it has limitations in producing high-quality outputs for specific genres and fully reflecting user intentions. This paper proposes a prompt tuning technique that effectively adjusts the output quality of MusicGen without modifying its original parameters and optimizes its ability to generate music tailored to specific genres and styles. Experiments were conducted to compare the performance of the traditional MusicGen with the proposed method and evaluate the quality of generated music using the Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining (CLAP) and Kullback–Leibler Divergence (KLD) scoring approaches. The results demonstrated that the proposed method significantly improved the output quality and musical coherence, particularly for specific genres and styles. Compared with the traditional model, the CLAP score was increased by 0.1270, and the KLD score was increased by 0.00403 on average. The effectiveness of prompt tuning in optimizing the performance of MusicGen validated the proposed method and highlighted its potential for advancing generative AI-based music generation tools.

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift to digital banking, exposing critical gaps in the infrastructure of Bank IRIS, a pseudonym for a prominent international bank operating in Jakarta. During the migration process, Bank IRIS customers' complaints were also piling up; these usually include but are not limited to issues on poor connectivity, repeated errors, and poor responses from the customer service representatives. Design thinking was applied in researching these problems through a structured process divided into five phases, namely: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. In the Empathy phase, consumer interviews and feedback analysis showed that there were significant problems: frequent connectivity errors and poor service recovery. The core problems highlighted in the Define phase were issues of inadequate connectivity, frequent errors, and poor responses from customer service. Proposed solutions during Ideate included the use of CDN, AI-powered chatbots for real-time support, adoption of network indicator to decrease transaction risks, thorough staff training programs, and iterative feedback loop. During the Prototype phase, this research deployed a narrative prototype, presenting scenarios to research subjects that identified problems and provided solutions. Customers were actively contributing to the improvement of these proposals by providing their views in order to co-create feasible remedies. Finally, in the Testing phase, proposed solutions effectively addressed consumer pain points, enhanced customer satisfaction, and received positive feedback from stakeholders. This study gives actionable strategies to improve digital banking services and provides insights that can benefit other banks facing similar challenges in digital transformation.

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of low student ability in solving word problems in mathematics, indicating significant challenges in understanding and applying mathematical concepts in real-life contexts. The aim of this study is to describe the errors made by students and the factors contributing to these errors in solving word problems based on Watson's criteria. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection methods used include tests and interviews. A total of 29 tenth-grade students from SMA Negeri Cigugur were given test problems, and subsequently, 16 students were selected as research subjects, representing each of Watson's error criteria. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the most common types of errors made by students include omitted data (OD), inappropriate procedures (IP), such as incorrect procedures, response level conflicts (RLC), and inappropriate data (ID). Some of the factors contributing to these errors include failure to draw conclusions from the obtained data, lack of understanding of quadratic equations, and insufficient student preparation in solving problems. On the other hand, less frequently occurring errors include above other (AO), omitted data (OD), undirected manipulation (UM), and skill hierarchy problems (SHP). The factors causing these less frequent errors are generally related to students' lack of attention to detail and accuracy in problem-solving. This research provides significant contributions as a foundation for teachers to design more effective teaching strategies, particularly in enhancing students' conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills.

This study aims to describe misconceptions about concepts, facts, principles and skills based on thinking skills that were made by fifth grade students at SD Inpres 6 Lolu in solving multiplication fraction problems. This research is descriptive qualitative research which is based on the problem solving steps put forward by Polya. The research subjects were taken by 6 students based on the level of thinking skills determined using the Standard Deviation (SD) calculation. Data collection methods used are test and interview methods. The study's findings reveal that students make different types of errors based on their thinking ability in the process of solving mathematical problems. These errors can be categorized into four main areas namely: factual errors, conceptual errors, skill errors, principal errors. In summary, the study highlights that students' thinking ability is closely linked to the types of errors they make when solving mathematical problems. These errors primarily involve faulty facts, conceptual misunderstandings, skill-related issues, and principal errors. Understanding these patterns of errors can guide educators in developing targeted interventions to improve students' mathematical problem-solving skills

This paper discusses the ongoing evolution of research into poverty, with the profound and thorough reformulation of the researcher–respondent relationship, which has blurred the distinction between the researcher and research subject. The researcher–respondent roles have merged, turning the research subject into the agent and respondents into researchers inquiring into their own conditions. This process has evolved through the first British ‘second-hand’ inquiries into poverty, analyses of personal documents (diaries), oral history traditions, the family histories presented by Oscar Lewis, personal accounts, monographs of communities, and recent participatory approaches to poverty research such as the ‘Poverty First Hand’ project.

The Yemeni EFL learners are prone to share their knowledge and views regarding what and how to say. The constraints of combining this expertise have hampered learners’ writing success. Those obstacles can cause learners to make errors. Error Analysis (EA) and Surface Strategy Taxonomy (SST) were used to analyze learners’ linguistic errors. Error causes were also investigated. This research used a qualitative process style to use a case study approach. Ellis’ five-step EA procedure was followed to analyze essay data each comprising 100-350 words or more written by 20 Yemeni EFL eighth semester Arabic-speaking learners at the Department of Education, Sana’a University, Yemen. They were purposely selected as research subjects. It was noticed that omission was the most common error detected in the learners’ writings. Overall, this form of error accounted for 58.71% of 118 cases out of 201 cases. The learners’ common error categories were the number marker, verb-tenses articles, prepositions, subject-verb agreements, and pronouns. This was preceded by addition (20.39%), incorrect formation (15.92%), and word order (4.97%). Intralingual transfer turned out to be the key reason that caused the errors in the learners’ writing. Any of the interlinguistic comparisons was the cause behind the errors. In terms of verb conjugation component, inflectional morpheme, and auxiliary verb abandonment, Arabic and English have different formal definitions. Interlingual transfer and learning context also caused errors. To prevent errors from fossilizing, language instructors should provide continual corrective feedback, and learners should pursue the correct target language form.

Most senior high school students face many difficulties in English writing, such as having nothing to say, being unorganized, using a single sentence pattern, and making frequent grammatical errors, which not only affect the quality of their writing but also increase their fear and powerlessness regarding writing. The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of peer feedback on senior high school students' English writing ability. The study adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and takes two parallel English classes in an urban public high school as the research subjects. Through a semester of experimental teaching, it conducts a comparative analysis of the changes in students' English writing anxiety levels and writing performance in the experimental class (with peer feedback from the correction network) and the control class (with traditional teacher feedback). The results show that the level of English writing anxiety among the students in the experimental class significantly decreased, and their writing performance significantly improved, while the changes in these two aspects for the students in the control class were not significant. The qualitative analysis further reveals the positive effect of peer feedback on improving students' writing ability and reducing their writing anxiety. The results of the study have implications for the teaching of English writing in senior high schools and suggest that teachers should attach importance to sentence practice, strengthen writing feedback, and optimize error correction methods in daily teaching to improve students' English writing ability.

The article analyzes three vocal cycles by Maurice Ravel „Five Greek Folk Melodies”, „Folk Songs” and „Two Jewish Songs”. They were written over the course of 10 years – from 1904 to 1914. Each cycle is individualized, has a unique character, having in common the support on the folklore source. The author characterizes the ideational structure of the cycles, their specific genre and style, and the peculiarities of the piano part. It is concluded that when M. Ravel works with folk sources, he leaves the vocal melody unchanged and performs the piano part as a commenting component of the ensemble, increasing the expressiveness of the vocal line and containing characteristic elements

This column offers brief reviews of recent compact disc releases in a variety of musical styles and genres, covering both new releases and reissues. In alternating issues, a discographic essay focusing on a specific genre, historical period, instrument, or style of music is featured. Reggae Music: A History and Selective Discography Reggae's Roots and Origins Although reggae is generally considered an indigenous Jamaican music, its roots are actually deeply African American. Strong strains of both calypso and the Jamaican folk music called mento are obvious both in reggae's explicit political commentary and in its occasionally ribald humor, but the harmonic and rhythmic structure of the music has its most significant antecedent in the American soul music of the 1950s and 1960s,1 particularly that which was being produced by the prolific Memphis, Muscle Shoals, and Detroit recording studios of those decades, and which could be heard on clear Jamaican nights over the airwaves from Miami radio stations. The insistent off-beat rhythmic pattern of soul music and rock'n'roll (in which emphasis is typically placed on beats two and four of a four-beat measure) would find a strange and unique expression in reggae music during the late 1960s and early 1970s; in the early days of the music's development, however, that pattern appeared as the trademark galloping backbeat of ska, a more upbeat and dance-oriented predecessor of reggae. Ska was based on a double-time version of the basic R & B rhythmic pattern (one-and-two-and-three-and-four-and). This rhythm's relationship to a polka beat is obvious, though there is a significant difference between the two approaches: whereas the horn players and keyboardist in a polka band will accent beats two and four along with the drummer, in ska the guitars and horns would execute chordal chops on the "and" of each beat, creating a rhythmic pattern in which the traditionally "strong beats (one and three) are almost wholly ignored while off-beats and traditionally "weak" beats (two and four) are all given great emphasis. The resulting rhythm was both unusually complex for the Western popular music of the time and almost irresistibly danceable. [End Page 206] Ska was fully developed by the mid-1960s, and although Jamaica produced many fine ska ensembles, the general critical consensus holds the Skatalites, led by the great saxophonist Tommy McCook (1932-1998), as the finest exponents of ska in this period. A two-compact disc set entitled Ska Bonanza: The Studio One Ska Years (Heartbeat CD-HB-86/87 [1991]) offers a very fine overview of the period, including several tracks by the Skatalites. Ska has enjoyed revivals in Europe and the United States at approximately fifteen-year intervals ever since its Jamaican heyday in the 1960s; the "second wave" ska revival in England came in the wake of the punk rock explosion of the 1970s and produced such fine bands as the Specials, Madness and the Beat (known in America as the English Beat to distinguish it from a similarly named stateside band). Many of these artists recorded for the British Two Tone label, and the best introduction to second-wave ska remains a compilation entitled This Are Two Tone (Two Tone CHR TT 5007 [1983]; reissued on compact disc as Chrysalis F2 21745 [1996]). In the early 1990s a similar revival occurred, this time centered in the United States, and led to the national success of such modern ska bands as the Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Less Than Jake, and Reel Big Fish. The Mighty Mighty Bosstones' Let's Face It (Mercury 534472 [1997]) and Dance Hall Crashers' Honey, I'm Homely (MCA MCAD-11676 [1995]) both illustrate nicely the degree to which jazzy ska and aggressive punk rock had blended by the mid-1990s, while the Toasters' Don't Let the Bastards Grind You Down (Moon Ska 123 [1997]) harks back explicitly to the British second-wave style. Ska Becomes Rock Steady Ska had a relatively limited expressive range, and it was inevitable that...

The article reveals the preconditions for the emergence of a specific visual style and a special genre in the field of poster— a «psychodelic poster» in the 1960s in the United Kingdom.It is established that during the pop art movement, due to the popularity of the idea of replicating, from all branches of British graphic design it was poster that developed the most and got the status of the cult genre that caused the emergence of the so called phenomenon «poster boom». It is argued that it was exactly the poster that allowed to fully reveal the bright opportunities that were opened due to the new technical and artistic means of the pop art movement. The psychodelic posters of the British underground studio «Hapshash & The Colored Coat» have been analyzed as the most striking representative of the pop art movement in British graphic design. Though the pop-art soon declined, it became a prelude of postmodernism in the former avant-garde circles.