ФІРМА ЯК СУБ’ЄКТ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Abstract

With the accelerated development of information and communication technologies, the development of globalization of the world is becoming more intensive, as an objective process that extends to all spheres of public life and sectors of national economic complexes. In view of this, the issue of covering the role of the firm as a subject of the global economy acquires considerable scientific relevance and practical significance. It turned out that the heterogeneity of the globalization process, her contradictory nature and exacerbation of global problems in some way affected the focus of scientific publications of clarify the role of the firm as a subject of the global economy.To achieve the goal of the study, the were resolved following tasks : defined the nature of the relationship between globalization as an objective process, the firm as a subject of the global economy and the global economy as a social phenomenon; the essential features of the types of firms as subjects of the global economy are characterized; the interaction of firms with nation-states in the conditions of the globalized world is revealed. The scientific novelty of the study is the classification of firms that are active participants in economic globalization, and substantiation, based on a critical analysis of recent foreign and domestic scientific sources, the key role of globalized firms in this process. The results of the study confirmed the author's hypothesis about the different nature of firms, the breadth and depth of their participation in globalization processes. That is, it can be argued that not every firm is a subject of the global economy, while remaining a subject of economic activity. The research identified historical, ideological, and political reasons of misinterpretation terms such as «global firm» and «multinational corporation». The subjective guiding role of firms in the development of economic globalization is proved. Detected the latent potential of nation-states as regulators of the globalization process, the significant share of state-owned enterprises among large supranational companies. On this basis, it was concluded that it is appropriate to strengthen public-private partnerships at the supranational level. Prospects for further scientific research the problem of under consideration should be focused on identifying the nature of supranational firms and highlighting the specifics of firms «born global».