브렉시트가 민주적 헌법 국가에 남긴 과제

Abstract

The research examines the legal and political issues in the constitution raised during the Brexit process until the 2019 UK general elections. This study aims to show that Brexit issues apply to all countries with a democratic constitutional order. Brexit began due to fundamental problems in the European Union. European integration echoes marketism and nationalism. While the identity of the sovereign state rapidly disintegrated, the new EU’s identity failed to quickly replace the existing national identities of member states. In the process, representative democracy’s flaws and British populism at the level of the European member states exacerbated financial or refugee problems. Discontent and antipathy toward the EU were redirected to the parliament and the institutional politicians who had handed over sovereign authority to the transnational organisations. However, institutional politics failed to make a binding decision about political controversial issues. Rather, the political system relied on the negative communications which devide the people and lead to social disintegration. Foreign policy lost its original function of peacefully resolving conflicts between countries and became a means of internal political mobilisation. Disgust against institutional politics resulted in the rapid emergence of anti-parliamentarianism in people and political parties. Thus, Brexit does not just concern Britain; it is a universal issue. If we remove particular elements such as the European integration and the United Kingdom, it becomes our reality and future here in Korea.