조선철도 慶北線의 부설과 경상북부 지역사회의 변화

Abstract

This article takes the Gyeongbuk Line of Chosun Railroad Co., Ltd. as an example and examines the appearance of the local community revealed in the process of its construction and operation. The Gyeongbuk Line was licensed for the purpose of developing the northern Gyeongsang region, and was built from the 1920s to the early 1930s, and the route is a representative branch railway of the Gyeongbuk Line from Gimcheon Station to Andong. With the opening of the Gyeongbuk Line, the regional transportation system in northern Gyeongsang Province has changed significantly in form and function. In addition, it was accompanied by the infiltration of colonial power into the region, the reorganization of the product distribution structure, and the collapse of Chosun merchants who relied on pre-modern transportation.BR The opening of the Gyeongbuk Line brought convenience to transportation, but also caused conflicts between regions and between regions and railway companies. After the starting point of the Gyeongbuk Line was decided as Gimcheon Station, whenever the route extended sequentially to Andong, the end point, a conflict between the new end point and the previous end point occurred. This conflict was also linked to the fare policy of the owner Chosun Railway Co., Ltd. Chosun Railroad Co., Ltd. stuck to high fares to see continuous management profits and to win competition with freight cars. Local residents boycotted railway companies that continued their high-rate fare policies and prepared alternatives, but it was difficult to bring about changes against large capital. In addition, the wishes of the local people were not fulfilled due to the attitude of the Governor-General, who gave up the role of an active mediator.