Гендерный аспект психологических факторов риска суицидального поведения

Abstract

In article the personal risk factors and internal protective factors of the suicide behavior on an example of psychological features of the women who have made attempted suicide (n=40, age 38,6±5,1 years), in comparison with control group are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the need to predict the commission of repeated suicide attempts, as well as the urgency of psychocorrective and psychotherapeutic assistance. Methods of research: R. Kettell’s 16-factor personality questionnaire (16-FLO, form C), S. Rosenzweig’s test of drawing association (frustration reactions). Rosenzweig, P. I. Junatzkevich’s test «SR-45» (detection of propensity to suicidal reactions). Using an anonymous questionnaire, socio-demographic indicators were recorded: age, marital status, number of children, level of education and professional employment. Statistical analysis of empirical data was carried out in the program «SPSS Statistics, ver. 19.0» using Mann-Whitney U-criterion (p≤0.05) and Pearson’s r-correlation coefficient (p=0.05; p=0.01). As a result of the study, it was found that psychological risk factors for suicidal behavior (in the context of the significance of the situation experienced), are socio-demographic and personal characteristics: loneliness, lack of work; reticence, secrecy, aloofness, non-sociability, emotional lability, impulsivity, weak willful self-control, pessimism, anxiety, social passivity, non-self-sufficiency, need for support from others, timidity, dependence, low self-esteem, willingness to take the blame for themselves, not In individual work, it is necessary to work through current and past traumatic experiences, using an integrative approach (methods of body-oriented, cognitive-behavioral, existential and Gestalt therapy, transactional analysis, techniques of neurolinguistic programming, etc.). After normalization of the somatic and emotional state, group psychotherapy is indicated, for example, in the form of training in communicative competence, self-esteem, stress-resistance, etc., in order to form constructive skills for resolving conflict situations and overcoming difficulties in life.