Жанровый аспект реализации языковой личности синхронного переводчика

Genre analysis has become a prevalent approach in the linguistic analysis of various specialized genres. A concept of genre, emerging from literature, has received a broader dimension in the last decade, focusing on establishing recognized structures and language exponents of a specific genre in a particular discourse community. In addition, the expansion of ESP and the rise of subgenres in many rising professional vocations require users to have competence in the English language. In addition, language researchers need ‘to dig into’ the pragmatic context of genres. With this mind and resting on the concept of genre and discourse communities, the paper sheds light on how the genre analysis approach can be applied in teaching different marine electrical genres to students and future ETO officers. The marine electrical engineering discourse community is specific and relatively novel. In this paper, the focus is placed on seafarers, future electro-technical officers and the analysis of genres they utilize in their professional work on board ships. The results of the paper can be inspiring to ESP teachers involved in teaching specialized and technical genres.

This book collects new and original works focusing on specialised knowledge and on the ways in which it is represented, redefined, and disseminated. The methodological approaches used combine corpus linguistics, genre studies, discourse and multimodal analysis. The volume is divided into three parts. Part 1 deals with knowledge popularization and dissemination practices in medical, environmental, business, legal, and institutional discourse domains. Part 2 analyses popularisation media, including blogs, google talks, TV interviews, TV series, websites, and the press, and illustrates the discursive features of each medium, with specific attention to how specialised topics are treated. Finally, Part 3 focuses on methods and tools to transfer specialised knowledge to novices, such as language students, university students specialising in a given subject, or translators. This book is engaging for its variety both in terms of methodological approaches and of specialised communicative settings and it will be useful for academics and PhD students working in various fields, such as Communication studies, Translation studies, Teaching, and Language studies.

Genre issues have been addressed in Translation Studies prevalently within the framework of systemic
\nfunctional linguistics. Theoretical research by B. Hatim and I. Mason (1990) and J. House (1997) are based on the model of speech variation as presented in M. A. K. Halliday and J. Martin, building a
\nlink between linguistic, situational and social contexts. Both research have functional linguistic basis
\nand include genre as a higher-level semiotic category. However, similar theoretical treatment of genre
\nresults in opposite approaches to the analysis of particular examples. B. Hatim and I. Mason analyze
\nparticular features of micro-context as means of genre realization in terms of genre constraints and
\nconventions. J. House provides a ‘holistic’ top-down description of the entire texts, identifying genre
\nmembership a starting point of analysis. Genre is the only constant of equivalence in J. House’s model,
\nwhile B. Hatim and I. Mason focus on shifting to alternative genres in translation. The opposite procedural
\napproaches to the analysis have a common feature. The identification of generic constraints
\nand genre equivalence in both research is based on the authors’ intuitions about genre membership of
\nparticular texts. Therefore within both approaches, on the one hand, no element of recurrent language
\nuse may be undoubtedly assigned to have generic nature; on the other hand, any particular crosslinguistic
\ncontrast may be interpreted as an element of cross-linguistic genre realization or an element
\nof genre remolding. The study of genre issues in Translation Studies should be embedded in the
\nbroader context of theoretical and empirical methods of systemic cross-cultural analysis of genres and
\ngenre systems. Depending on the focus of analysis, Translation Studies may approach genre within the
\nframeworks of contrastive analysis of genres systems, hierarchical relation of genres and the methods
\nof empirical study of generic structures and recurrent linguistic choices. Refs 40.

The linguistic and the contextual in applied genre analysis: The case of the company audit report

It presents the works developed by the research group Speech Genres: Pedagogical Practices and Genre Analysis, concerning the didactic elaboration (DE) of genres and the general results of the research. The works were based on the genres chronicle, letter to the editor, and article, as well as genres of Brazilian popular music; another research correlated genres with text production, correction and evaluation. Some highlights of the research results: the procedural knowledge construction throughout the textual studies of genres; the articulation of listening/reading practices, textual production and linguistic analysis; the necessity of a referential knowledge of genres; the unfeasibility of learning all the characteristics of a genre in only one DE, as each DE leads to the improvement of some of them; the DE of the textual production guides the evaluation and the correction of texts; the genre integrates the practices of listening/reading, textual production and linguistic analysis; difficulties with multimodal genres.

This research investigated eight (8) video clip advertisements from YouTube.The selection was done at the height of Pandemic lockdown, where families do not have the freedom to go shopping centers, confined into their homes and resorted to online shopping. Among the top online shops are the Lazada and Shopee. A Contrastive Linguistic Analysis also termed as Genre analysis was conducted to know the strategies and techniques employed by these two companies to convince consumers to buy their products. The analysis made use of the transcripts of the videos. The research made use of some parameters in its linguistic analysis, in order to describe the persuasive techniques, principles of influence, language and speech styles, and features of advertisement language in the corpora of the study. Interesting results showed how the competition in e-commerce was done. The number of viewers and likes are posted to show how these two companies made consumers engaged in their online shopping. Nevertheless, the analysis aims to contribute to the development of e-commerce, as well as with the teaching and learning of linguistic analysis, where students themselves are patronizers of online shopping of Lazada and Shopee companies.

This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book explores systemic functional linguistics (SFL) in its functional and systemic backgrounds by considering the historical place of SFL among functional theories of language and by evaluating 'system' vs 'systemicity' in terms of a theory of systemics. It examines the theoretical place of the context of culture within SFL by considering the complex interactions of language and society. The book also explores the interface between SFL and other theories, but it concerns cognitive science. It addresses two main SFL applications in educational settings, namely models of register and register variation and models of functional grammar. The book addresses the challenges that Tunisian learners face in the translation of nominal groups from English to Arabic, hypothesizing that these difficulties are mainly due to the lack of equivalence in experiential classification and patterns of modification across the two languages.

The article represents a comprehensive study of the current state of Ukrainian translation studies in the context of biblical and liturgical translation. It is noted that scientific works on this topic allow us to reconsider the pivotal stages of the development of the religious literature translation in a new way, which played a crucial role in shaping the cultural heritage and national identity of the Ukrainian people. Liturgical translation, which has a special significance in the religious sphere, is defined as a factor that contributes to the unity of the nation around Christian moral values. The study of genre and stylistic aspects of translation on the material of the Ukrainian and Polish languages provides a theoretical basis for solving practical problems related to the work of a translator of religious literature. Particularly valuable is the expansion of the geographical boundaries of Ukrainian translation studies through the inclusion of research results of representatives of the Ukrainian diaspora in the Prešov region . Their works allowed us to fully understand the history of Ukrainian-Czech-Slovak translation relations and provided a basis for the development of partial theories of translation between closely related Slavic languages. A complex view of the problem is presented, combining historical analysis, theoretical research and practical recommendations for professional translators in the context of intercultural communication and preservation of national heritage.

In this paper an analysis of the way conference interpreters describe their role and how they perceive their importance for successful communication in simultaneously interpreted conferences will be undertaken. These findings are an excerpt from a recent worldwide web-based survey among members of the International Association of Conference Interpreters (AIIC). The focus will be on a comparison between already existing metatexts on the conference interpreter’s role and the newly collected ones from this web-survey. The paper will also briefly outline the methodological potential and limitations of web-based surveys which have been employed since the mid-1990s and have gradually found their way into translation studies.

Leadership literature contains ample recommendations that leaders need to have a vision and be competent in visioning. A small subset of that literature recommends that leaders communicate their visions. There are few resources, however, that guide leaders how to communicate their visions. This study consists of an application of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), including Genre Theory, and an extension of SFL, Appraisal Theory, on four visionary speeches in the field of political discourse—Lincoln‘s Gettysburg Address, Churchill‘s ―We Shall Fight on the Beaches,‖ Kennedy‘s inaugural, and Martin Luther King Jr.‘s ―I Have a Dream‖—to discover how these leaders were able to utilize the rich resources of language to communicate their visions in such a compelling manner that their listeners and followers were willing to cast aside their own individual desires and implement the vision for the common good. These four speeches were selected as the data set because of their ―recognizability‖ factor and because they were delivered in turbulent times in which great visions were needed to effect great change. This study first synthesized the recommendations in leadership literature on what features should be present in an effective vision. When the four speeches were then compared to those ―benchmark‖ features, only three of the four speeches were found to contain all the recommended benchmark features; Lincoln‘s Gettysburg Address, perhaps because of its brevity, did not contain some aspects of the benchmarks. Then I conducted a thorough linguistic analysis of the speeches through the lenses of SFL and Appraisal Theory to discover how language enabled the expression of the features of an effective vision. From this linguistic analysis, I found that the four orators used the Appraisal resources of judgment, both positive and negative, to communicate their stance on what was good and what was bad to their listener-followers. Not surprisingly, we were depicted in positive judgment terms while they were depicted in negative judgment terms. The resources of appreciation enabled the orators to refer to those things that would support their vision of the future in positive terms while those expressed in negative terms would not have a place in the envisioned future. The resources of amplification, both augmentation and enrichment, and circumstance of location were found to have facilitated the expression of imagery in the four speeches and the also to have enabled the ability of the orator to communicate the emotion around his personal commitment to his vision. The resources of engagement, particularly proclamation, and Mood choices furthered the orator‘s ability to communicate certainty and commitment to his vision through the exclusion of alternative voices from the texts. Through the subsequent application of Genre Theory to the four texts, eight common stages, each with its own obligatory statements and common linguistic features, were found. These stages were labeled as follows: situational positioning of the past (then); situational positioning of the present (now); a statement identifying the purpose of the speech; a synopsis of the orator‘s vision or goal—how the future should be; statement(s) on how the vision/goal might be implemented or the change effected; the timetable for needed change and an expression of urgency; statement(s) of the orator‘s personal commitment to the vision/changes needed; and, finally, a call to action or the issuing of a rallying cry. Future research will confirm the finding of a new genre of visionary speech.

This paper focuses on cognitive-linguistic features of the binary opposition “man-machinery” in the science fiction works by R. Bradbury. The article aims to determine the means of the verbal representation of “man-machinery” and build frame models of its components in Bradbury’s science fiction writings. The study contributes to the stylistic and linguo-poetic analysis of binary oppositions in fiction texts, idiostylistics and genre theory. The study relies upon linguistic, stylistic, and discursive analyses as well as cognitive linguistic analysis to ensure the reliability and validity of the obtained results. Furthermore, four-stage algorithm methodology used in this research allowed the author to define a general literary context of the analyzed works, select the research material, analyze the identified means of binary opposition “man-machinery,” and model frames of its components. The obtained results reveal that the linguistic embodiment of the components of the binary opposition “man-machinery” is based on the use of the lexical – direct and figurative, stylistic, and discursive means of nomination. The study reconstructs the concepts – the constituents of the megaconcepts man and machinery and on the basis of anthropocentric perception compares their conceptual domains, namely as physical, psychological, mental, and social phenomena. The research reveals conceptual binary opposition man-machinery as a tool for constructing a science fiction model of the world in Bradbury’s texts within three parameters: space-time coordinates, cause and effect relationships, and valorative indicators. The introduced methodology of binary opposition analysis is perspective within the scope of science fiction, fiction texts and films.

This study explores how a genre-based approach to writing instruction influenced by both genre theory and systemic functional linguistics supported the academic writing development of English language learners (ELLs) transitioning to middle school. Drawing on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) as a tool for pedagogy and linguistic analysis, the teacher-researcher analyzed three instantiations of texts composed by ELLs to determine changes in the register of their texts during the course of genre-based writing pedagogy. Methods were qualitative in nature, involving both analysis of the text and the surrounding context of composition. Data came from multiple sources. They included videotaped observations of classroom interactions, transcriptions of semi-structured interviews with the student, collection of lesson plans, and materials used in lesson implementation, and field notes made by the participant observer. Findings suggest that a genre-based approach to writing instruction supported ELLs in producing texts that more closely approximated the register of the target genre.

This paper focuses on cognitive-linguistic features of the binary opposition “man-machinery” in the science fiction works by R. Bradbury. The article aims to determine the means of the verbal representation of “man-machinery” and build frame models of its components in Bradbury’s science fiction writings. The study contributes to the stylistic and linguo-poetic analysis of binary oppositions in fiction texts, idiostylistics and genre theory. The study relies upon linguistic, stylistic, and discursive analyses as well as cognitive linguistic analysis to ensure the reliability and validity of the obtained results. Furthermore, four-stage algorithm methodology used in this research allowed the author to define a general literary context of the analyzed works, select the research material, analyze the identified means of binary opposition “man-machinery,” and model frames of its components. The obtained results reveal that the linguistic embodiment of the components of the binary opposition “man-machinery” is based on the use of the lexical – direct and figurative, stylistic, and discursive means of nomination. The study reconstructs the concepts – the constituents of the mega concepts MAN and MACHINERY and on the basis of anthropocentric perception compares their conceptual domains, namely as physical, psychological, mental, and social phenomena. The research reveals conceptual binary opposition MAN-MACHINERY as a tool for constructing a science fiction model of the world in Bradbury’s texts within three parameters: space-time coordinates, cause and effect relationships, and valorative indicators. The introduced methodology of binary opposition analysis is perspective within the scope of science fiction, fiction texts and films.

Academic dental abstracts play a pivotal role for readers to grasp the essence of scientific development in the world of dentistry as they particularly address on key information designated by dental researchers . However, the generic structures of Thai and international dental research article abstracts have not been investigated as a means of pedagogical implication in terms of English for Specific Purposes ( ESP ). This study aims to investigate generic structures of Thai and international dental research article abstracts and compare the results with respect to the linguistic features found within the two datasets . Two separate datasets of 120 abstracts were randomly selected and compiled from dental journals certified by Thai - Journal Citation Index ( TCI ) and Impact Factors ( IF ) , respectively, were analysed by Kanoksilapatham ’ s ( 2013 ) BPMRD nomenclature of abstract analysis . A set of linguistic features based on Pho ’ s ( 2008 ) and Hyland ’ s ( 2004 ) frameworks also reported to show linguistic variation in dental research article abstracts between Thai and international writers . The data shows that Move B is apparently disregarded by Thai writers while the others are comparatively similar . Regarding linguistic features, objective writing is more emphasised by Thai writers through the omission of self - reference pronouns and the lack of modalities . As international publication is a milestone for professional success in higher education, the results from this study can stress on a means of developing writing pedagogy that can be globally used within the academic discourse of dentistry . Keywords : genre analysis; abstract writing; dentistry; linguistic analysis; English for specific purposes

The paper reviews the monograph “Theory and Methods of Linguistic Analysis of Political Text” (executive editor A.P. Chudinov, Ekaterinburg, 2016). The aim of the book under review is to determine the object, subject, theory and methodology of political linguistics, and its place among the interconnected disciplines. The monograph consists of three chapters: “General Questions of Political Linguistics”, “Methodology and Methods of National Political Linguistics Studies”, and “Methodology and Methods of Political Communication Studies Abroad”. The first chapter defines the status of political linguistics and other “hybrid” linguistics, examines the question of political linguistics methodology, and reviews the activities of the scientific school “Political Linguistics”. The second chapter describes the areas of focus in the political linguistics: semiotic analysis, linguistic and pragmatic analysis, genre analysis, linguistic political prognostics, study of historical dynamics of metaphorical systems, comparative analysis of political texts, and linguistic and political personology. The third chapter presents a review of the leading methodological approaches to the study of political communication in foreign linguistics: cognitive methodology, rhetorical methodology, critical discourse analysis, psycholinguistic methodology, content analysis, and corpus linguistics (quantitative methods). The monograph under review allows the author to make the conclusion that theory and methods of linguistic analysis of political text can make a claim for a scientific discipline with its own research and conceptual apparatus, being connected with other branches of linguistics at that.