ВПЛИВ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТІ НА ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ КРАЇНИ ДЛЯ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИХ ІММІГРАНТІВ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the influence of tolerance towards immigrants on the country's attractiveness for four categories of intellectual migrants (university students, highly educated workers, entrepreneurs, startup founders) using the example of countries that are members of the OECD. To assess the influence of tolerance in host societies on the attractiveness of the country for intellectual migrants, the OECD Talent Attractiveness Indicators and indicators of the level of tolerance towards immigrants in various aspects of its manifestation were used. It was determined that the OECD countries have different levels of attractiveness for foreign citizens to study, find employment, start their own business and startups. To study the influence of tolerance on the country's attractiveness for intellectual migrants, the method of correlation analysis was used. The calculated values of the Pearson correlation coefficients allow us to assert that tolerance towards immigrants is a significant driver of immigration to OECD countries for all four groups of intellectual immigrants: the correlation coefficient values range from 0.537 for highly educated workers to 0.672 for startup founders. Equal treatment and lack of discrimination affect the country's attractiveness for foreign university students and entrepreneurs. Ensuring freedom of religion and belief in the country is an important factor in the formation of its attractiveness for intellectual migrants - the value of correlation coefficients is more than 0.5 (excluding the category "startup founders"). Ensuring the right to freely express one's political views, to gather together in public places, to join public groups and associations, to organize politically in any way is an attractive factor for foreign university students, highly educated workers and entrepreneurs - the calculated values of Pearson's correlation coefficients exceed 0.6. The identified relationships will become the basis for substantiating priority measures to ensure a tolerant living environment for migrants. The development and implementation of such measures is particularly relevant for Ukraine, because the spread of cases of intolerance, violence and murders of Ukrainians abroad requires the rapid implementation of effective measures aimed at increasing the level of tolerance and preventing discrimination of people from Ukraine.