Поликодовые механизмы интерпретации малых поэтических форм сетевой литературы

How effective is Russian state television in framing the conflict in Ukraine that began with the Euromaidan protests and what is its impact on Russian Internet users? We carried out a content analysis of Dmitrii Kiselev's “News of the Week” show, which allowed us to identify the two key frames he used to explain the conflict – World War II-era fascism and anti-Americanism. Since Kiselev often reduces these frames to buzzwords, we were able to track the impact of these words on Internet users by examining search query histories on Yandex and Google and by developing quantitative data to complement our qualitative analysis. Our findings show that much of what state media produces is not effective, but that the “fascist” and anti-American frames have had lasting impacts on Russian Internet users. We argue that it does not make sense to speak of competition between a “television party” and an “Internet party” in Russia since state television has a strong impact in setting the agenda for the Internet and society as a whole. Ultimately, the relationship between television and the Internet in Russia is a continual loop, with each affecting the other.

The aim of the research is to investigate the textual property of connectedness in the electronic hypertext system of a professional Internet IT blog, and to identify its expressive means in the English and Russian languages. This article presents the results of the analysis of connectedness in hypertexts of the English Internet blog infoworld.com and the Russian blogs it-guild.com, itglobal.com and tproger.ru, dedicated to IT: development of cloud computing, big data technologies, machine learning, software development, and etc. for 2018-2021. The Internet blog is considered as hypertext formed by both homogeneous (verbal) and heterogeneous (creolized) posts, connected thematically and by means of hyperlinks. The study of professional IT blogs, undertaken on the material of the English and Russian languages, not only contributes to the development of the issue of hypertext linguistic status, but also reveals the mechanisms of creating cohesion and coherence of the Internet discourse texts by means of different languages. The research material was the current English publications of the IT blog infoworld.com and the Russian Internet IT blog posts it-guild.com, itglobal.com and tproger.ru for 2018-2021.

The Tightening Web of Russian Internet Regulation

The work reveals a problem of the part-of-speech composition in terms of the English and Russian languages in international air law. The study presents an analysis of the parts of speech included in the term structure in international air law according to the criterion of certain terminological field. The purpose of the study is to determine the most characteristic part-of-speech composition for the terms of several groups, identified on the basis of a common field in terminological systems Russian and English. This principle of analysis helps to compare terminological groups in different language systems. The objectives of the study were to identify the frequency of a certain part-ofspeech structure for the terms of the Russian and English languages. The work presents an empirical study, which prove that the proposed version of the analysis makes it possible to compare each lexical and semantic group in the English language with the Russian language in terms of the frequency of a certain part-of-speech structure; to identify the main dynamics in certain part-ofspeech structures in the English and Russian terminological systems of international air law. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were made: comparative analysis of the partof-speech structure based on the criterion of a single semantic core within the branch of international air law is the most objective criterion that allows the comparison of terms from two different language systems within the framework of cross-linguistic research; part-of-speech structures of terms are directly related to the structural features of the Russian and English languages.

Цель. В статье рассматриваются особенности пословиц с компонентом-зоонимом в английском и русском языках. Пословицы представляют собой неотъемлемую часть лингвокультурологического фундамента любого языка, которые репрезентируют историческую, культурную и языковую специфику жизни нации. Рассматриваемая форма народного творчества представляет собой жанр фольклора, иллюстрирующий особенности мышления народа, отражая его повседневный образ жизни, чем и обусловлен интерес к данной проблематике и определяется актуальность исследования. Автор работы рассматривает вариации определения пословиц в английской и русской литературе, анализирует их компоненты и выявляет частотность употребления пословиц с компонентом-зоонимом в английском и русском языках, анализирует специфические качества и свойства пословиц.Метод или методология проведения работы. В ходе исследования применяются такие методы как аксиологический, выявляющий специфику лингвокультуры в качестве структуры, объединяющей материальные и духовные ценности, системный метод для получения анализа взаимосвязи языка и культуры, метод сплошной выборки с целью получения практического материала исследования.Результаты. Основываясь на обширном материале теоретических исследовании и практических данных, авторы исследования приходят к выводу, что пословицы с компонентом-зоонимом представляют собой продуктивное явление в фольклористике как русского, так и английского языков, отражая его лингвокультурные свойства и черты. Изучив языковые и культурологические особенности пословиц, автор приходит к выводу, что в английском и русском языках, несмотря на географическую дистанцию, сохраняется семантическое соответствие многих пословиц.Область применения результатов. Результаты работы могут быть использованы в сфере межкультурной коммуникации, контактной лингвистики, языковой вариативности.

The paper deals with gastronomic culture in the Russian Internet. Despite the innovative properties of Internet communication as such, its content is often found reproducing traditional semantic categories. These invariables are demonstrated here using the example of gastronomic culture in Russian Internet. In our study we rely on the following methods: content analysis, discourse analysis, structural semiotic analysis, and comparative analysis. The objects of the study are: Internet memes about food, ads by various size retail chains, consumer online feedback, all of them revealing stable patterns and universal categories of thought. In the course of the study we reveal archetypal images and traditional thought concepts that are implemented in marketing communication and Internet memes about food. Comparison of the study results leads us to a range of conclusions. Russian marketing communication that steers consumer behavior, proceeds as the ‘parent–child’ interaction and relies largely on traditional stereotypes of behavior including gender roles. This model gains support from consumers as low tolerance to indeterminacy is rather characteristic to Russian culture in general, which is compensated for by the model “Caregiving Parent”. Today’s digital folklore is more focused in its evaluations on the vector of change. Here the value of freedom prevails over continuity and stability; important are also such semantic values as exploration of the new, creativity, hedonism, and individuality. These categories represent the values of the creative culture.

The crisis poses a specific practice of representation of consciousness. The current situation in the Russian media is characterized by a lack of freedom of speech where the traditional media is controlled by the state. It has made the Internet the only platform where there is a possibility to implement the various forms of expression of the crisis of consciousness. Russian authorities use the crisis in order to demonstrate the correctness of their strategy of social and economic policies. This appears to be a very specific way of constructing social and cultural reality being developed. The Russian Internet provides space for the regularly produced animated film Mr. Freeman, which is focused on Russian crisis of consciousness. The video shorts were analyzed as “description of discursive events”(Foucault). Discourse analysis provides an opportunity to highlight the discursive elements of two types; these are the symbolic and the semantic, which form the two levels of the crisis consciousness.The symbolic level the series includes images of Napoleon, the Little Prince, a meat grinder, the thinker, Caesar, and finally, a spider. On the semantic level this includes a free man, multiple fluid identities, the negation of cultural stereotypes typical of popular culture, the denial of the basic principles of the consumer society, anarchism as a reaction to the totalitarian state penetration into all spheres of social life and anti-hierarchy. The predominance of these images shows the current crisis of consciousness of Russian Internet users, which is expressed and oriented towards symbolic forms of protest. The crisis generates the specific practices of representation of the consciousness (it can be characterised as crisis consciousness), on the one hand, which are hardly revealed by the classic methods of sociology, and, on the other hand, are expressed in particular ways through the unconventional media and the forms of arts. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n11p186

The goal of this work became the identification of similarities and differences of peripheral conceptual attributes of clemency in the English and Russian languages. The subject of this research is the semantics of English and Russian lexemes representing the notional component of the concept of clemency in the compared languages, placed in the core and on the periphery of the concept. The concept of clemency was selected due to insufficient study of its verbalization in comparative linguistics. On the materials of lexicographic sources, the author determines the composition of nuclear lexemes and their synonyms that are capable of reflecting peripheral conceptual attributes of clemency in the English and Russian languages. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the fact that it is first to establish similarities and differences of peripheral conceptual attributes of clemency in the English and Russian languages. It is determined that core of the concept in English language is binominal and represented by the lexemes clemency and pardon; while in Russian language it is monomial. In conclusion, the author reveals that on the periphery of the concept in question in the English language are the lexemes grace, oblivion, allowance, indulgence, leniency, which are the synonyms of nuclear lexemes; and in the Russian language, there are  fewer synonyms of nuclear lexeme – apology, mercy, grace, remission. Comparison of the composition of peripheral conceptual attributes of clemency in the English and Russian languages demonstrated that they differ for the most part. Thus, the peripheral conceptual attributes of clemency in the English language is the comprehension of forgiveness as leniency with regards to a human being who committed the transgression, as a punishment, but in mitigated form. In the Russian language, the understanding of forgiveness as condescension to the transgression and aiding the one who transgressed.

This article is dedicated to the phenomenon of radical transformations of toponyms in onomasticons of the Russian and English languages at the turn of centuries. The goal of this work lies in determination and analysis of changes in semantics, structure and functionality of toponymic vocabulary from the perspective of definitional and component methods within the framework of communication-pragmatic approach using the data of corpus linguistics. The article substantiates the need for inclusion of the acquired data into educational materials for ensuring successful communication in the changed polycultural space. As a result, it was established that geopolitical shifts transformed not only the toponymic vocabulary, but also its grammatical paradigm in the Russian and English languages. The semantic differences in the meanings of toponyms in the British and American versions are underlined. The changes enriched the language in its natural evolution (the need for nomination of new objects) or by virtue of nomination practices. The scientific novelty consists in a complex systematization of transformations in the area of ethnonymics with consideration of the new geopolitical reality that forms integral approaches towards linguistic and extralinguistic phenomena. It is demonstrated that the modern geopolitical discourse plays a primary role in attaining new meanings to onyms overall and toponyms in particular. Functioning in different languages, toponyms may differ in their componential structure, which reflects diverse world landscapes captured in languages.

Russian Internet Users' Privacy: A Study of Attitudes and Behavior

This article summarizes the results of the project work on the creation of a conceptual and systemic-structural model of advanced training for Russian language and literature teachers working in an ethnocultural educational environment. The purpose of the article is to characterize the features of the advanced training model for Russian (non-native) language and Russian (non-native) literature teachers proposed by the authors of the project «Russian Language and Literature in the Ethnocultural Educational Environment» and tested on the basis of Mari State University. This model makes it possible to overcome the current situation in the general flow of Russian philologists and accordingly without taking into account the ethnocultural specifics of Russian philological education in the ethnic multicultural region. The developed model takes into account the specifics of the language environment, which has a significant impact on the process of teaching Russian (non-native) language and literature, and the urgent need to improve the quality of knowledge, skills and abilities of non-Russian children (especially rural) in the field of Russian language and literature. The article also summarizes the results of the questionnaire survey of course participants and the results of monitoring their opinion during the round table «Russian language and literature in the ethnocultural educational environment: experience and prospects»; the ways to further improve and promotion the developed model of advanced training of Russian language teachers working in the ethnocultural educational environment are outlined.

  This article is dedicated to comprehensive examination of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of Russian and English languages. The article considers the characteristics f the nomination of terminological units and highlights the most common models of terms in the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" using the example of Russian and English languages. Modern linguistics features a few research on the terms of chemical industry, while the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" has not previously become a subject of separate research, particularly in the comparative aspect of two or more languages, which determines the relevance of this publication. The goal lies in description of the terms of chemical industry, namely "Production of technical formalin" in the Russian and English languages. The subject of this article is the study of the terminological systems of chemical industry in the field of production of technical formalin relative to functionality of the term-word and terminological phrase. The novelty consists in the comparative analysis of the terminological system "Production of technical formalin" on the example of Russian and English languages. The terminological system of chemical production of technical formalin includes the following lexical-thematic groups: 1. Technological process of production of technical formalin 2. Equipment line 3. Chemicals and reactions It is established that in the Russian language, the most commonly used model in all subgroups is the two-component model "adjective + noun" (over 50 %); while in the English language, it is the two-component model "noun + noun" (over 50%).  

This article continues the series of studies devoted to the current problem of conflict Internet communication, the features of conflict-generating polycode texts and the issues of verbal and iconic representation of knowledge in their structure. In this regard, the primary goal is to establish the frequency of actualization of verbal component types used in the structure of graphic-verbal conflict polycode texts (Internet memes) of xenophobic nature, and their specificity in the representation of the content within the framework of the cognitive matrix “Friend or Foe”. The methods of content analysis, comparative analysis and quantification analysis were used to study the features of the verbal components and the language units in the considered polycode texts. It was determined that the most frequent verbal component types are “comment/statement”, “instruction”, “word/phrase-identifier”, less frequent are “dialogue situation”, “quote”, “definition of a concept”, “question/reflection”, “poetic text”. We paid attention to differences in the representation of knowledge and transmitted meanings of conflict nature by means of these types of verbal component. The results of the research may be applied in further studies devoted to the problem of verbal and iconic components correlating in polycode texts.

We propose to study the ways of embodying the poetic text of Goethe’s poem by three composers (F. Schubert, S. Moniuszko, H. Wolf) by analyzing the patterns of the poetic text structural and functional method (repetition, system of repetitions, update) and its relationship with the musical and poetic method at the level of the general structure and individual techniques (duplication, replacement) with the involvement of the comparative method. The need to reveal the meaning and value of a particular technique led to the use of the semantic method. In comparison with other romantic examples – F. Schubert and H. Wolf, which continuously attract the attention of researchers, the composer’s version of S. Moniuszko is involved. As a result of the analysis, we made a conclusion about the relative constancy in all three selected samples of the implementation of repetition both at the level of the entire text (three stanzas), the structure of the stanza, and at the level of keywords (question “Kennst du…”), at that time, the renewal in the poetic text observed in the second and third stanzas of Goethe’s poem, is embodied in different musical and poetic forms — from leveling changes (S. Moniuszko) to their consistent implementation (H. Wolf). The only exception to this is the “chorus”, in which J. Goethe presents variant appeals of the female protagonist to different addressees — composers interpret them identically (the poetic text is renewed and the musical text remains unchanged), which also acts as a constant element of the interpretation of the poetic original source.

Introduction This chapter examines Russian neologisms (new words) related to modern technology, the Internet and other forms of media, looks at their orthographic representations and discusses their effect on the Russian morphology, morphosyntax and the tendency towards increased analytism. The sample of Russian neologisms is taken from two major sources: neologism dictionaries and Internet texts. The dictionary entries in the study come from neologism dictionaries published at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first centuries (Zaxarenko, Komarova and Necajeva 2003; Efremova 2000; Lopatin 2002; Skljarevskaja 1998). These dictionaries serve as a valuable source of information on vocabulary borrowed during the first decade of computerization and popularization of the Internet in Russia. The second source of data in the study is Russian-media texts taken from the Internet: popular blogs, online newspapers and other sites. Internet sites provide us with the most recent borrowings and with illustrations of the use of neologisms found in neologism dictionaries. The Internet data were analyzed with a text parsing program created specifically for this study. The program searched Russian language Internet sites for text contexts and various orthographic representations of new loan words. The study excluded emails and informal chat rooms so as to restrict the analysis to the most common loan words and discard occasionalisms. The study analyzes the structure of neologisms borrowed into Russian from English and other languages and discusses their impact on the morphological and orthographic structures of contemporary Russian.