Оценка диспансерного наблюдения за детьми первого года жизни.

Abstract

Children’s health is a powerful resource that can become the key to the future health of the nation. Considering the significant increase in morbidity among children in recent years, the assessment of dispensary observation of children in the first year of life is a relevant topic for research. Purpose: to assess the level and dynamics of dispensary observation indicators for children in the first year of life living in St. Petersburg. Materials and methods. Based on copying information from statistical reporting forms No. 12, a retrospective one-time study of indicators of the frequency of taking children of the first year of life into dispensary registration, the frequency of continuing dispensary observation after the first year of life, as well as the proportion of children of the first year of life remaining under dispensary observation from those registered during the year. The significance of differences in indicators was assessed using Student’s t-test. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Statistical data processing was carried out using the MS Office‑2016 and StatSoft-Statistica 10.0 software packages. Results. Most often, children in the first year of life needed examination and treatment on an outpatient basis for diseases of the nervous system, certain conditions that arise in the perinatal period, as well as diseases of the respiratory and digestive organs. Most often, in children’s clinics of the metropolis, after the first year of life, dispensary observation of children with diseases of the nervous system, eyes and its appendages, digestive organs and congenital malformations continued. With a high frequency of children with respiratory diseases and certain conditions arising in the perinatal period being taken under dispensary observation, in most cases, by the end of the first year of life, children with these diseases are removed from the dispensary register. At the same time, with a low frequency of children being admitted to convalescent care, on average 71.3% of such patients remain under further dispensary registration. A high proportion of children who remain under clinical observation are patients with diseases of the genitourinary system, the eye and its adnexa, skin and subcutaneous tissue, the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue and the nervous system. Conclusion. In St. Petersburg, the increase in morbidity among children in the first year of life was due to the growing need for dispensary monitoring of children for almost all classes of diseases, except for respiratory diseases and certain conditions that arise in the perinatal period.