Abstract
The article examines the national conditioning of axiological meanings in the German-speaking cultural space, which are formed on the basis of conventional values. The concept of value is analyzed, which possesses a categorical meaning and is significant both for everyday life and for cognition. The value is associated with the peculiarities of the national culture, and with the cognitive activity of a person in the process of evaluating objects of the surrounding world. Value is always the result of human understanding and appreciation. With value perception, analogies are possible in the experiences and perceptions of individual people. These analogies determine the existence of certain common values characteristic of national mentality. The main paradigms of national mentality are formed in the Middle Ages. Values are explicated through linguistic expression. In evaluative linguistic signs, not only values are reflected (through positive evaluations), but also anti-values, characterized by negative evaluations. Language pairs that form semantic dyads correspond to certain national and cultural ideas about values and anti-values. The relationships that arise in the extralinguistic sphere determine the mechanisms of verbalization of values in the linguistic picture of the world. Evaluative and value worldviews are fragments of the linguistic worldview.
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